See erlaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for erlaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*erl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *erl\nOld English: eorl\nMiddle English: erl, ærl, eerl, eorl, erle, eryl, ȝerle, ȝierl, yerl\nEnglish: earl\nScots: yerl, yarl (merged with Old Norse jarl)\nYola: earle\nOld Saxon: erl",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *erl\nOld English: eorl\nMiddle English: erl, ærl, eerl, eorl, erle, eryl, ȝerle, ȝierl, yerl\nEnglish: earl\nScots: yerl, yarl (merged with Old Norse jarl)\nYola: earle\nOld Saxon: erl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ)\nOld Norse: jarl, ᛁᛅᚱᛚ (iarl)\nIcelandic: jarl\nFaroese: jallur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: jarl\nOld Swedish: iarl, iærl\nSwedish: järl\nOld Danish: ierl\n→ Danish: jarl (reborrowed)\nNorwegian Bokmål: jarl\n→ English: jarl\n→ Finnish: jaarli\n→ Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ)\nOld Norse: jarl, ᛁᛅᚱᛚ (iarl)\nIcelandic: jarl\nFaroese: jallur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: jarl\nOld Swedish: iarl, iærl\nSwedish: järl\nOld Danish: ierl\n→ Danish: jarl (reborrowed)\nNorwegian Bokmål: jarl\n→ English: jarl\n→ Finnish: jaarli\n→ Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Heruli",
"3": "Eruli",
"4": "",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Latin: Heruli, Eruli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Latin: Heruli, Eruli"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Possibly related to *erǭ (“battle”), with agentive suffix *-ilaz, thus meaning ‘one who makes war’.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "erlaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "erlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "irlis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "irlai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erlaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"man, nobleman"
],
"id": "en-erlaz-gem-pro-noun-UTMdh2n9",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"nobleman",
"nobleman"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈer.lɑz/"
}
],
"word": "erlaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*erl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *erl\nOld English: eorl\nMiddle English: erl, ærl, eerl, eorl, erle, eryl, ȝerle, ȝierl, yerl\nEnglish: earl\nScots: yerl, yarl (merged with Old Norse jarl)\nYola: earle\nOld Saxon: erl",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *erl\nOld English: eorl\nMiddle English: erl, ærl, eerl, eorl, erle, eryl, ȝerle, ȝierl, yerl\nEnglish: earl\nScots: yerl, yarl (merged with Old Norse jarl)\nYola: earle\nOld Saxon: erl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ)\nOld Norse: jarl, ᛁᛅᚱᛚ (iarl)\nIcelandic: jarl\nFaroese: jallur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: jarl\nOld Swedish: iarl, iærl\nSwedish: järl\nOld Danish: ierl\n→ Danish: jarl (reborrowed)\nNorwegian Bokmål: jarl\n→ English: jarl\n→ Finnish: jaarli\n→ Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ)\nOld Norse: jarl, ᛁᛅᚱᛚ (iarl)\nIcelandic: jarl\nFaroese: jallur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: jarl\nOld Swedish: iarl, iærl\nSwedish: järl\nOld Danish: ierl\n→ Danish: jarl (reborrowed)\nNorwegian Bokmål: jarl\n→ English: jarl\n→ Finnish: jaarli\n→ Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Heruli",
"3": "Eruli",
"4": "",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Latin: Heruli, Eruli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Latin: Heruli, Eruli"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Possibly related to *erǭ (“battle”), with agentive suffix *-ilaz, thus meaning ‘one who makes war’.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "erlaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "erlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "irlis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "irlai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erlaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"man, nobleman"
],
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"nobleman",
"nobleman"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈer.lɑz/"
}
],
"word": "erlaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.