See duntiz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dunti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dynt"
},
"expansion": "Old English: dynt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: dynt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dunt",
"3": "dent",
"4": "dint",
"alt": "dünt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: dünt, dent, dint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: dünt, dent, dint"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dunt",
"3": "dont",
"4": "dynt",
"5": "dint",
"6": "dent"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dunt, dont, dynt, dint, dent",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dunt, dont, dynt, dint, dent"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dunt",
"3": "dint",
"4": "dent"
},
"expansion": "English: dunt, dint, dent",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dunt, dint, dent"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*duntislagi",
"der": "1",
"t": "a blow which leaves a bruise, punch",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *duntislagi (“a blow which leaves a bruise, punch”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *duntislagi (“a blow which leaves a bruise, punch”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*duntslag"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *duntslag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *duntslag"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "duntslach",
"3": "dunslach"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: duntslach, dunslach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: duntslach, dunslach"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*duntslag"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *duntslag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *duntslag"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dontslach",
"3": "donsslach",
"4": "dunslach"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dontslach, donsslach, dunslach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dontslach, donsslach, dunslach"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dyntr",
"3": "dyttr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dyntr, dyttr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dyntr, dyttr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dyntur",
"3": "dynta",
"4": "dyttur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: dyntur, dynta, dyttur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: dyntur, dynta, dyttur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dunt"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: dunt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: dunt (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰen-",
"t": "to strike, hit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“to strike, hit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gdhend",
"t": "to plane"
},
"expansion": "Albanian gdhend (“to plane”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“to strike, hit”), synchronically analyzed as a nominal formation from *duntijaną (“to fall, drop”). Cognate with Albanian gdhend (“to plane”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "duntiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dunti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duntīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duntį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duntīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duntī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duntī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/duntiz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shock, impact, blow"
],
"id": "en-duntiz-gem-pro-noun-FOr8caPo",
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "duntijaną"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdun.tiz/"
}
],
"word": "duntiz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dunti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dynt"
},
"expansion": "Old English: dynt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: dynt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dunt",
"3": "dent",
"4": "dint",
"alt": "dünt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: dünt, dent, dint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: dünt, dent, dint"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dunt",
"3": "dont",
"4": "dynt",
"5": "dint",
"6": "dent"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dunt, dont, dynt, dint, dent",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dunt, dont, dynt, dint, dent"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dunt",
"3": "dint",
"4": "dent"
},
"expansion": "English: dunt, dint, dent",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dunt, dint, dent"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*duntislagi",
"der": "1",
"t": "a blow which leaves a bruise, punch",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *duntislagi (“a blow which leaves a bruise, punch”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *duntislagi (“a blow which leaves a bruise, punch”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*duntslag"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *duntslag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *duntslag"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "duntslach",
"3": "dunslach"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: duntslach, dunslach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: duntslach, dunslach"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*duntslag"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *duntslag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *duntslag"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dontslach",
"3": "donsslach",
"4": "dunslach"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dontslach, donsslach, dunslach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dontslach, donsslach, dunslach"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dyntr",
"3": "dyttr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dyntr, dyttr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dyntr, dyttr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dyntur",
"3": "dynta",
"4": "dyttur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: dyntur, dynta, dyttur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: dyntur, dynta, dyttur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dunt"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: dunt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: dunt (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰen-",
"t": "to strike, hit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“to strike, hit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gdhend",
"t": "to plane"
},
"expansion": "Albanian gdhend (“to plane”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“to strike, hit”), synchronically analyzed as a nominal formation from *duntijaną (“to fall, drop”). Cognate with Albanian gdhend (“to plane”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "duntiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dunti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duntīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duntį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duntīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duntī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duntī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duntimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/duntiz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "duntijaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"shock, impact, blow"
],
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdun.tiz/"
}
],
"word": "duntiz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for duntiz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.