See drēnuz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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},
{
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "trān"
},
{
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
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}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*drānu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreh₁n-",
"4": "",
"5": "bee, hornet, drone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreh₁n- (“bee, hornet, drone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tranas",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tranas (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "trut",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trubec",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Czech trubec (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰreh₁n- (“bee, hornet, drone”). Cognate with Lithuanian tranas (“drone”), Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”), Czech trubec (“drone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnuz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*drēniz",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drēnuz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male bee or wasp; drone"
],
"id": "en-drēnuz-gem-pro-noun-8PWdzC9C",
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee"
],
[
"wasp",
"wasp"
],
[
"drone",
"drone"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "drenô"
},
{
"word": "durô"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɛː.nuz/"
}
],
"word": "drēnuz"
}
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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],
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],
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],
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},
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{
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"lang_code": "stq",
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],
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "dorne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "Drahn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "drône"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "drān"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "Drahn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "drâne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "Drahn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "dorne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "Drahn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "drône"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "drāno"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "Drahn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "drâne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "Drahn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "dorne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "Drahn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Drohne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "drone"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "drône"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "drāna"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "darne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "dorne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*drān"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "darne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "dorne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*drano"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "darne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "dorne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "dar"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "dreen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "drone"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*darno"
},
{
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "trān"
},
{
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "trāno"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*drānu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreh₁n-",
"4": "",
"5": "bee, hornet, drone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreh₁n- (“bee, hornet, drone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tranas",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tranas (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "trut",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trubec",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Czech trubec (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰreh₁n- (“bee, hornet, drone”). Cognate with Lithuanian tranas (“drone”), Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”), Czech trubec (“drone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnuz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*drēniz",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drēnuz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "drenô"
},
{
"word": "durô"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic u-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Bees",
"gem-pro:Male animals"
],
"glosses": [
"male bee or wasp; drone"
],
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee"
],
[
"wasp",
"wasp"
],
[
"drone",
"drone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɛː.nuz/"
}
],
"word": "drēnuz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for drēnuz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.