See drēnuz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*drānu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *drānu\nOld English: drān, drǣn\nMiddle English: drane, drone\nEnglish: drone\nScots: dron\nOld Frisian: *drāne\nSaterland Frisian: Droane (alternatively from Middle Low German)\nOld Saxon: drān\nMiddle Low German: drâne, dorne, drône\nLow German: Drahn\n→ Danish: drone\n→ German: Drohne\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: drone\nNorwegian Nynorsk: drone\nOld Dutch: *drān, *drano, *darno\nMiddle Dutch: darne, dorne, drone\nDutch: dar\nLimburgish: dreen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *drānu\nOld English: drān, drǣn\nMiddle English: drane, drone\nEnglish: drone\nScots: dron\nOld Frisian: *drāne\nSaterland Frisian: Droane (alternatively from Middle Low German)\nOld Saxon: drān\nMiddle Low German: drâne, dorne, drône\nLow German: Drahn\n→ Danish: drone\n→ German: Drohne\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: drone\nNorwegian Nynorsk: drone\nOld Dutch: *drān, *drano, *darno\nMiddle Dutch: darne, dorne, drone\nDutch: dar\nLimburgish: dreen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrēn-",
"4": "",
"5": "bee, hornet, drone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrēn- (“bee, hornet, drone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tranas",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tranas (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "trut",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trubec",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Czech trubec (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrēn- (“bee, hornet, drone”). Cognate with Lithuanian tranas (“drone”), Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”), Czech trubec (“drone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnuz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drēnuz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male bee or wasp; drone"
],
"id": "en-drēnuz-gem-pro-noun-8PWdzC9C",
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee"
],
[
"wasp",
"wasp"
],
[
"drone",
"drone"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "drenô"
},
{
"word": "durô"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "drēniz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɛː.nuz/"
}
],
"word": "drēnuz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*drānu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *drānu\nOld English: drān, drǣn\nMiddle English: drane, drone\nEnglish: drone\nScots: dron\nOld Frisian: *drāne\nSaterland Frisian: Droane (alternatively from Middle Low German)\nOld Saxon: drān\nMiddle Low German: drâne, dorne, drône\nLow German: Drahn\n→ Danish: drone\n→ German: Drohne\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: drone\nNorwegian Nynorsk: drone\nOld Dutch: *drān, *drano, *darno\nMiddle Dutch: darne, dorne, drone\nDutch: dar\nLimburgish: dreen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *drānu\nOld English: drān, drǣn\nMiddle English: drane, drone\nEnglish: drone\nScots: dron\nOld Frisian: *drāne\nSaterland Frisian: Droane (alternatively from Middle Low German)\nOld Saxon: drān\nMiddle Low German: drâne, dorne, drône\nLow German: Drahn\n→ Danish: drone\n→ German: Drohne\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: drone\nNorwegian Nynorsk: drone\nOld Dutch: *drān, *drano, *darno\nMiddle Dutch: darne, dorne, drone\nDutch: dar\nLimburgish: dreen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrēn-",
"4": "",
"5": "bee, hornet, drone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrēn- (“bee, hornet, drone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tranas",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tranas (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "trut",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trubec",
"3": "",
"4": "drone"
},
"expansion": "Czech trubec (“drone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrēn- (“bee, hornet, drone”). Cognate with Lithuanian tranas (“drone”), Serbo-Croatian trut (“drone”), Czech trubec (“drone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnuz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēniwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drēnumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drēnuz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "drenô"
},
{
"word": "durô"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic u-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Bees",
"gem-pro:Male animals"
],
"glosses": [
"male bee or wasp; drone"
],
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee"
],
[
"wasp",
"wasp"
],
[
"drone",
"drone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɛː.nuz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "drēniz"
}
],
"word": "drēnuz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for drēnuz meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.