See dūnaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for dūnaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dūnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dūnā, *dūn m, *dūnu f, *dūnō m\nOld English: dūn f or m\nMiddle English: dune, doun\nEnglish: dune, down\nScots: doun, down\nOld Saxon: *dūna f, *dūn m\nMiddle Low German: dûne, dunne f, don, done, donne m\nGerman Low German: Düne, Düün\n→ German: Düne\n→ Swedish: dyn, dyne\n→ Norwegian: dyne\nOld Dutch: dūn, dūno ?\nMiddle Dutch: dûne f or n\nDutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin\n→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n (also possibly borrowed from Low German)\nSaterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f\nWest Frisian: dún n\n→ Old French: dune\nMiddle French: dune\nFrench: dune\nOld High German: *tūna, dūna f",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dūnā, *dūn m, *dūnu f, *dūnō m\nOld English: dūn f or m\nMiddle English: dune, doun\nEnglish: dune, down\nScots: doun, down\nOld Saxon: *dūna f, *dūn m\nMiddle Low German: dûne, dunne f, don, done, donne m\nGerman Low German: Düne, Düün\n→ German: Düne\n→ Swedish: dyn, dyne\n→ Norwegian: dyne\nOld Dutch: dūn, dūno ?\nMiddle Dutch: dûne f or n\nDutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin\n→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n (also possibly borrowed from Low German)\nSaterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f\nWest Frisian: dún n\n→ Old French: dune\nMiddle French: dune\nFrench: dune\nOld High German: *tūna, dūna f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dúnn",
"3": "dýnn",
"4": "dunn",
"5": "dynn",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Norse: dúnn, dýnn, dunn, dynn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Norse: dúnn, dýnn, dunn, dynn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sauðadunn",
"3": "sauðadynn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: sauðadunn, sauðadynn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: sauðadunn, sauðadynn"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-",
"t": "smoke, dust, haze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, dust, haze”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dū- (“to whisk, whip up, agitate, storm”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, dust, haze”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dūnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an accumulation, pile, heap"
],
"id": "en-dūnaz-gem-pro-noun-kxT1J9IH",
"links": [
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduː.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "dūnaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dúnn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dúnn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dúnn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dúnn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: dúnn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: dúnn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "dún"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: dún",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: dún"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: dun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: dun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "dūn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: dūn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: dūn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: dun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: dun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "daungen"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: daungen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: daungen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "Danish: dun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: dun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "däun"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: däun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: däun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "doun",
"3": "downe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: doun, downe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: doun, downe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "down"
},
"expansion": "English: down",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: down"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dûne",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: dûne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: dûne"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Duun"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Duun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Duun"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dons",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: dons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: dons"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Daune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Daune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Daune"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saterland Frisian: Duune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saterland Frisian: Duune"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dum",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: dum, dun",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: dum, dun (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to smoke, fume, raise dust"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, fume, raise dust”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, fume, raise dust”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dūnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dūnijǭ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down (feathers of young birds)"
],
"id": "en-dūnaz-gem-pro-noun-gem_pro:feathers",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down#English:_feathers"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "daumaz"
},
{
"word": "daunaz"
}
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:feathers"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduː.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "dūnaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dūnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dūnā, *dūn m, *dūnu f, *dūnō m\nOld English: dūn f or m\nMiddle English: dune, doun\nEnglish: dune, down\nScots: doun, down\nOld Saxon: *dūna f, *dūn m\nMiddle Low German: dûne, dunne f, don, done, donne m\nGerman Low German: Düne, Düün\n→ German: Düne\n→ Swedish: dyn, dyne\n→ Norwegian: dyne\nOld Dutch: dūn, dūno ?\nMiddle Dutch: dûne f or n\nDutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin\n→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n (also possibly borrowed from Low German)\nSaterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f\nWest Frisian: dún n\n→ Old French: dune\nMiddle French: dune\nFrench: dune\nOld High German: *tūna, dūna f",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dūnā, *dūn m, *dūnu f, *dūnō m\nOld English: dūn f or m\nMiddle English: dune, doun\nEnglish: dune, down\nScots: doun, down\nOld Saxon: *dūna f, *dūn m\nMiddle Low German: dûne, dunne f, don, done, donne m\nGerman Low German: Düne, Düün\n→ German: Düne\n→ Swedish: dyn, dyne\n→ Norwegian: dyne\nOld Dutch: dūn, dūno ?\nMiddle Dutch: dûne f or n\nDutch: duin f\nAfrikaans: duin\n→ Old Frisian: dūne f, *dūn n (also possibly borrowed from Low German)\nSaterland Frisian: Dúune, Duune f\nWest Frisian: dún n\n→ Old French: dune\nMiddle French: dune\nFrench: dune\nOld High German: *tūna, dūna f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dúnn",
"3": "dýnn",
"4": "dunn",
"5": "dynn",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Norse: dúnn, dýnn, dunn, dynn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Norse: dúnn, dýnn, dunn, dynn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sauðadunn",
"3": "sauðadynn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: sauðadunn, sauðadynn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: sauðadunn, sauðadynn"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-",
"t": "smoke, dust, haze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, dust, haze”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dū- (“to whisk, whip up, agitate, storm”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, dust, haze”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dūnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an accumulation, pile, heap"
],
"links": [
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduː.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "dūnaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dūnijǭ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dúnn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dúnn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dúnn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dúnn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: dúnn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: dúnn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "dún"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: dún",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: dún"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: dun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: dun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "dūn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: dūn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: dūn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: dun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: dun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "daungen"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: daungen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: daungen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "Danish: dun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: dun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "däun"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: däun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: däun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "doun",
"3": "downe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: doun, downe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: doun, downe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "down"
},
"expansion": "English: down",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: down"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dûne",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: dûne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: dûne"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Duun"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Duun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Duun"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dons",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: dons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: dons"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Daune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Daune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Daune"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Duune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saterland Frisian: Duune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saterland Frisian: Duune"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "dum",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: dum, dun",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: dum, dun (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to smoke, fume, raise dust"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, fume, raise dust”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, fume, raise dust”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dūną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dūnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dūnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "daumaz"
},
{
"word": "daunaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"down (feathers of young birds)"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down#English:_feathers"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:feathers"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduː.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "dūnaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.