See butmaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*botm",
"3": "*bodm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *botm, *bodm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *botm, *bodm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bodan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bodan",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "botm",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "botm\nMiddle English: botme, botom, botome, bothom, bothum, botham, bothme, botym, bottum, butme, boþem\nEnglish: bottom, botton (dialectal)\n→ Dutch: bottom\n→ French: bottom\nScots: boddem, boddum, boddam, boddom, bottome\nYola: bothom\n⇒ Middle English: bum (syncopated)\nEnglish: bum\nScots: bum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bodan, botm\nMiddle English: botme, botom, botome, bothom, bothum, botham, bothme, botym, bottum, butme, boþem\nEnglish: bottom, botton (dialectal)\n→ Dutch: bottom\n→ French: bottom\nScots: boddem, boddum, boddam, boddom, bottome\nYola: bothom\n⇒ Middle English: bum (syncopated)\nEnglish: bum\nScots: bum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bodem",
"3": "boden"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: bodem, boden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: bodem, boden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "bom"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: bom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: bom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boudem"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Boudem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Boudem"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "beame"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: beame",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: beame (archaic), boaiem, boom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "bodom"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: bodom\nMiddle Low German: bōdeme, bodem, boddeme, boddem, bodden\nGerman Low German: Bodden, Borrn, Baam\nMünsterländisch: Buodden\nPlautdietsch: Boddem",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: bodom\nMiddle Low German: bōdeme, bodem, boddeme, boddem, bodden\nGerman Low German: Bodden, Borrn, Baam\nMünsterländisch: Buodden\nPlautdietsch: Boddem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bodom"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bodom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bodom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bodem"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bodem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bodem"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bodem"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: bodem, (obsolete) boom, (obsolete) boôm\nAfrikaans: bodem\n→ Papiamentu: bòm, boom",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: bodem, (obsolete) boom, (obsolete) boôm\nAfrikaans: bodem\n→ Papiamentu: bòm, boom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "boeadem",
"3": "baom"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: boeadem, baom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: boeadem, baom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bodam",
"3": "podam"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: bodam, podam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: bodam, podam"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bodem",
"3": "boden"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: bodem, boden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: bodem, boden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Boden"
},
"expansion": "German: Boden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Boden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Boddem"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Boddem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Boddem"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Buedem"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Buedem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Buedem"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: botn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: botn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "botnur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: botnur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: botnur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: botn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "botn",
"bor": "\"1\""
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: botn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bånn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bånn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bånn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "butn",
"3": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: butn, botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: butn, botn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "botten"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: botten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: botten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "botn",
"3": "bon"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: botn, bon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: botn, bon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bund"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bund"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bunn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bunn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bunn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "buottn"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: buottn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: buottn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "buttn"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: buttn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: buttn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "bónð"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: bónð",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: bónð"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ponnē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *ponnē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *ponnē:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "bädnie"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: bädnie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: bädnie"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"2": "bådˈnee"
},
"expansion": "Ume Sami: bådˈnee",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ume Sami: bådˈnee"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "påtnie"
},
"expansion": "Pite Sami: påtnie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pite Sami: påtnie"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "bodni"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: bodni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: bodni"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "ponne"
},
"expansion": "Inari Sami: ponne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inari Sami: ponne"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "påʹnn"
},
"expansion": "Skolt Sami: påʹnn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skolt Sami: påʹnn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sia",
"2": "поннҍ"
},
"expansion": "Akkala Sami: поннҍ (ponn’)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akkala Sami: поннҍ (ponn’)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjd",
"2": "поаннҍ"
},
"expansion": "Kildin Sami: поаннҍ (pånn’)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kildin Sami: поаннҍ (pånn’)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjt",
"2": "ponne"
},
"expansion": "Ter Sami: ponne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ter Sami: ponne"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बुध्न"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fundus"
},
"expansion": "Latin fundus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn, gen. *bʰudʰmnós. According to Kroonen, the -m- had been dissimilated in the genitive already in Proto-Indo-European, giving Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna) and Latin fundus, resulting in a Germanic paradigm of *budm-, *butt-, which then gave rise to other variants.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "butmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "butmą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/butmaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bottom; foundation"
],
"id": "en-butmaz-gem-pro-noun-hWHU4oji",
"links": [
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ground"
],
"id": "en-butmaz-gem-pro-noun-27O1DlnH",
"links": [
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 14 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 5 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abyss"
],
"id": "en-butmaz-gem-pro-noun-DgYuTC7k",
"links": [
[
"abyss",
"abyss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbut.mɑz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "budmaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "budmô"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "buttmô"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "butmaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*botm",
"3": "*bodm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *botm, *bodm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *botm, *bodm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bodan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bodan",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "botm",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "botm\nMiddle English: botme, botom, botome, bothom, bothum, botham, bothme, botym, bottum, butme, boþem\nEnglish: bottom, botton (dialectal)\n→ Dutch: bottom\n→ French: bottom\nScots: boddem, boddum, boddam, boddom, bottome\nYola: bothom\n⇒ Middle English: bum (syncopated)\nEnglish: bum\nScots: bum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bodan, botm\nMiddle English: botme, botom, botome, bothom, bothum, botham, bothme, botym, bottum, butme, boþem\nEnglish: bottom, botton (dialectal)\n→ Dutch: bottom\n→ French: bottom\nScots: boddem, boddum, boddam, boddom, bottome\nYola: bothom\n⇒ Middle English: bum (syncopated)\nEnglish: bum\nScots: bum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bodem",
"3": "boden"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: bodem, boden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: bodem, boden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "bom"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: bom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: bom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boudem"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Boudem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Boudem"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "beame"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: beame",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: beame (archaic), boaiem, boom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "bodom"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: bodom\nMiddle Low German: bōdeme, bodem, boddeme, boddem, bodden\nGerman Low German: Bodden, Borrn, Baam\nMünsterländisch: Buodden\nPlautdietsch: Boddem",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: bodom\nMiddle Low German: bōdeme, bodem, boddeme, boddem, bodden\nGerman Low German: Bodden, Borrn, Baam\nMünsterländisch: Buodden\nPlautdietsch: Boddem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bodom"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bodom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bodom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bodem"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bodem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bodem"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bodem"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: bodem, (obsolete) boom, (obsolete) boôm\nAfrikaans: bodem\n→ Papiamentu: bòm, boom",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: bodem, (obsolete) boom, (obsolete) boôm\nAfrikaans: bodem\n→ Papiamentu: bòm, boom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "boeadem",
"3": "baom"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: boeadem, baom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: boeadem, baom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bodam",
"3": "podam"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: bodam, podam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: bodam, podam"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bodem",
"3": "boden"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: bodem, boden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: bodem, boden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Boden"
},
"expansion": "German: Boden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Boden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Boddem"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Boddem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Boddem"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Buedem"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Buedem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Buedem"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: botn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: botn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "botnur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: botnur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: botnur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: botn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "botn",
"bor": "\"1\""
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: botn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bånn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bånn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bånn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "butn",
"3": "botn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: butn, botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: butn, botn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "botten"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: botten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: botten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "botn",
"3": "bon"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: botn, bon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: botn, bon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bund"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bund"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bunn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bunn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bunn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "buottn"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: buottn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: buottn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "buttn"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: buttn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: buttn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "bónð"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: bónð",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: bónð"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ponnē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *ponnē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *ponnē:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "bädnie"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: bädnie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: bädnie"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"2": "bådˈnee"
},
"expansion": "Ume Sami: bådˈnee",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ume Sami: bådˈnee"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "påtnie"
},
"expansion": "Pite Sami: påtnie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pite Sami: påtnie"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "bodni"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: bodni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: bodni"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "ponne"
},
"expansion": "Inari Sami: ponne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inari Sami: ponne"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "påʹnn"
},
"expansion": "Skolt Sami: påʹnn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skolt Sami: påʹnn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sia",
"2": "поннҍ"
},
"expansion": "Akkala Sami: поннҍ (ponn’)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akkala Sami: поннҍ (ponn’)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjd",
"2": "поаннҍ"
},
"expansion": "Kildin Sami: поаннҍ (pånn’)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kildin Sami: поаннҍ (pånn’)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjt",
"2": "ponne"
},
"expansion": "Ter Sami: ponne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ter Sami: ponne"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बुध्न"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fundus"
},
"expansion": "Latin fundus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn, gen. *bʰudʰmnós. According to Kroonen, the -m- had been dissimilated in the genitive already in Proto-Indo-European, giving Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna) and Latin fundus, resulting in a Germanic paradigm of *budm-, *butt-, which then gave rise to other variants.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "butmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "butmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "butmą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "butmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "butmamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/butmaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bottom; foundation"
],
"links": [
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ground"
],
"links": [
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"abyss"
],
"links": [
[
"abyss",
"abyss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbut.mɑz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "budmaz"
},
{
"word": "budmô"
},
{
"word": "buttmô"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "butmaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for butmaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.