See bruzdaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bruzdaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*broʀd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *broʀd\nOld English: brord\nMiddle English: brodd (partly)\nEnglish: brod\nOld Saxon: brord\nOld High German: brort, prort\nMiddle High German: brort\nGerman: Brort",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *broʀd\nOld English: brord\nMiddle English: brodd (partly)\nEnglish: brod\nOld Saxon: brord\nOld High German: brort, prort\nMiddle High German: brort\nGerman: Brort"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "broddr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: broddr\nIcelandic: broddur\nFaroese: broddur\n→ Middle English: brodd, brod, brad (partly)\nEnglish: brod, brad\nNorwegian: brodd (“tip, shoot; elk hair; sting, stinger”), brodde\nOld Swedish: brodder\nSwedish: brodd\nDanish: brod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: broddr\nIcelandic: broddur\nFaroese: broddur\n→ Middle English: brodd, brod, brad (partly)\nEnglish: brod, brad\nNorwegian: brodd (“tip, shoot; elk hair; sting, stinger”), brodde\nOld Swedish: brodder\nSwedish: brodd\nDanish: brod"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zero-grade"
},
"expansion": "zero-grade",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰros-dʰ(h₁)-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰros-dʰ(h₁)-o-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "brot",
"3": "",
"4": "goad, spike"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish brot (“goad, spike”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A zero-grade variant of *brazdaz (“edge, brim”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰros-dʰ(h₁)-o-, from the root *bʰers- (“top, point”). Cognate with Old Irish brot (“goad, spike”).\nMay be (along with related terms) from an original n-stem *brezdô ~ *burzdiniz, in view of the ablaut.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bruzdaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bruzdijaną"
},
{
"word": "bruzdōną"
}
],
"glosses": [
"point, spike, thorn"
],
"id": "en-bruzdaz-gem-pro-noun-~TddLk3t",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "edge, prow",
"word": "barzdą"
},
{
"english": "beard",
"word": "? *bar(z)daz"
},
{
"english": "edge, side",
"word": "brezdô Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic"
},
{
"english": "edge, side",
"word": "bruzdaz *brezdaz"
},
{
"word": "bur(z)dą"
},
{
"english": "edge; board, plank",
"word": "bredą"
},
{
"sense": "? *bur(z)dô; Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "bor(ʀ)dō"
},
{
"sense": "Old Norse: borði (“tapestry”); Icelandic",
"word": "borði"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbruz.dɑz/"
}
],
"word": "bruzdaz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bruzdijaną"
},
{
"word": "bruzdōną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*broʀd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *broʀd\nOld English: brord\nMiddle English: brodd (partly)\nEnglish: brod\nOld Saxon: brord\nOld High German: brort, prort\nMiddle High German: brort\nGerman: Brort",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *broʀd\nOld English: brord\nMiddle English: brodd (partly)\nEnglish: brod\nOld Saxon: brord\nOld High German: brort, prort\nMiddle High German: brort\nGerman: Brort"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "broddr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: broddr\nIcelandic: broddur\nFaroese: broddur\n→ Middle English: brodd, brod, brad (partly)\nEnglish: brod, brad\nNorwegian: brodd (“tip, shoot; elk hair; sting, stinger”), brodde\nOld Swedish: brodder\nSwedish: brodd\nDanish: brod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: broddr\nIcelandic: broddur\nFaroese: broddur\n→ Middle English: brodd, brod, brad (partly)\nEnglish: brod, brad\nNorwegian: brodd (“tip, shoot; elk hair; sting, stinger”), brodde\nOld Swedish: brodder\nSwedish: brodd\nDanish: brod"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zero-grade"
},
"expansion": "zero-grade",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰros-dʰ(h₁)-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰros-dʰ(h₁)-o-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "brot",
"3": "",
"4": "goad, spike"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish brot (“goad, spike”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A zero-grade variant of *brazdaz (“edge, brim”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰros-dʰ(h₁)-o-, from the root *bʰers- (“top, point”). Cognate with Old Irish brot (“goad, spike”).\nMay be (along with related terms) from an original n-stem *brezdô ~ *burzdiniz, in view of the ablaut.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruzdamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bruzdaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "edge, prow",
"word": "barzdą"
},
{
"english": "beard",
"word": "? *bar(z)daz"
},
{
"english": "edge, side",
"word": "brezdô Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic"
},
{
"english": "edge, side",
"word": "bruzdaz *brezdaz"
},
{
"word": "bur(z)dą"
},
{
"english": "edge; board, plank",
"word": "bredą"
},
{
"sense": "? *bur(z)dô; Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "bor(ʀ)dō"
},
{
"sense": "Old Norse: borði (“tapestry”); Icelandic",
"word": "borði"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"point, spike, thorn"
],
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbruz.dɑz/"
}
],
"word": "bruzdaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.