See bikjǭ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bikkjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bikkjā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bikkjā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "biċċe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: biċċe\nMiddle English: bicche, beche, biche, bycche, byche, bikk, buche\nEnglish: bitch\n→ Dutch: bitch\n→? German: Betze, Bätze, Petze\n→ French: bitch\n\nScots: bitch\n→ Old French: biche (Anglo-Norman)\n⇒ Middle French: bichon\nFrench: bichon\n→ English: bichon",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: biċċe\nMiddle English: bicche, beche, biche, bycche, byche, bikk, buche\nEnglish: bitch\n→ Dutch: bitch\n→? German: Betze, Bätze, Petze\n→ French: bitch\n\nScots: bitch\n→ Old French: biche (Anglo-Norman)\n⇒ Middle French: bichon\nFrench: bichon\n→ English: bichon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bikkja",
"3": "bikki",
"g": "f",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bikkja f, bikki m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bikkja f, bikki m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bikkja"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bikkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bikkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bikkja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: bikkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: bikkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bikkje"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bikkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bikkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bikkje"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bikkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bikkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bikia"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: bikia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: bikia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bycka"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: bycka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: bycka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-bigga",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Swedish: -bigga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Swedish: -bigga in argbigga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "bikke"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: bikke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: bikke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bik",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scots: bik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scots: bik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeg-",
"id": "break"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bikkja",
"3": "",
"4": "plunge into water"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bikkja (“plunge into water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bikken",
"3": "",
"4": "to hack"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bikken (“to hack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bicchen",
"3": "",
"4": "to stab, attack"
},
"expansion": "Old High German bicchen (“to stab, attack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "becca",
"3": "",
"4": "a beck, pick, pick-axe, mattock"
},
"expansion": "Old English becca (“a beck, pick, pick-axe, mattock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeg-",
"4": "",
"5": "to smash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to smash”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *bikjaną (“to thrust, attack”) (compare Old Norse bikkja (“plunge into water”), Dutch bikken (“to hack”), Old High German bicchen (“to stab, attack”), Old English becca (“a beck, pick, pick-axe, mattock”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to smash”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bikjǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bitch (female dog)"
],
"id": "en-bikjǭ-gem-pro-noun-zk5lbhdX",
"links": [
[
"bitch",
"bitch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*tauhǭ"
},
{
"word": "*tibō"
},
{
"word": "*tīkō"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbik.jɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "bikjǭ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bikkjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bikkjā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bikkjā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "biċċe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: biċċe\nMiddle English: bicche, beche, biche, bycche, byche, bikk, buche\nEnglish: bitch\n→ Dutch: bitch\n→? German: Betze, Bätze, Petze\n→ French: bitch\n\nScots: bitch\n→ Old French: biche (Anglo-Norman)\n⇒ Middle French: bichon\nFrench: bichon\n→ English: bichon",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: biċċe\nMiddle English: bicche, beche, biche, bycche, byche, bikk, buche\nEnglish: bitch\n→ Dutch: bitch\n→? German: Betze, Bätze, Petze\n→ French: bitch\n\nScots: bitch\n→ Old French: biche (Anglo-Norman)\n⇒ Middle French: bichon\nFrench: bichon\n→ English: bichon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bikkja",
"3": "bikki",
"g": "f",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bikkja f, bikki m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bikkja f, bikki m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bikkja"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bikkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bikkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bikkja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: bikkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: bikkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bikkje"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bikkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bikkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bikkje"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bikkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bikkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bikia"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: bikia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: bikia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bycka"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: bycka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: bycka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-bigga",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Swedish: -bigga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Swedish: -bigga in argbigga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "bikke"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: bikke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: bikke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bik",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scots: bik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scots: bik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeg-",
"id": "break"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bikkja",
"3": "",
"4": "plunge into water"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bikkja (“plunge into water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bikken",
"3": "",
"4": "to hack"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bikken (“to hack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bicchen",
"3": "",
"4": "to stab, attack"
},
"expansion": "Old High German bicchen (“to stab, attack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "becca",
"3": "",
"4": "a beck, pick, pick-axe, mattock"
},
"expansion": "Old English becca (“a beck, pick, pick-axe, mattock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeg-",
"4": "",
"5": "to smash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to smash”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *bikjaną (“to thrust, attack”) (compare Old Norse bikkja (“plunge into water”), Dutch bikken (“to hack”), Old High German bicchen (“to stab, attack”), Old English becca (“a beck, pick, pick-axe, mattock”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to smash”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bikjōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bikjǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeg- (break)",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Canids"
],
"glosses": [
"bitch (female dog)"
],
"links": [
[
"bitch",
"bitch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*tauhǭ"
},
{
"word": "*tibō"
},
{
"word": "*tīkō"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbik.jɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "bikjǭ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bikjǭ meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.