See beuzą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*beuʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *beuʀ\nOld English: bēor\nMiddle English: bere, beere\nEnglish: beer (see there for further descendants)\nScots: bere, beir, beer\nOld Frisian: biār\nSaterland Frisian: Bjoor\nWest Frisian: bier\nOld Saxon: bior\nMiddle Low German: bêr\nGerman Low German: Beer\nMecklenburgisch: Bier\nPlautdietsch: Bea\nOld Dutch: *bior, *bier\nMiddle Dutch: bier\nDutch: bier (see there for further descendants)\nAfrikaans: bier\nLimburgish: beer\n→ Middle French: biere (see there for further descendants)\nOld High German: bior\nMiddle High German: bier\nAlemannic German: Bier, Biär, Pier\nBavarian: Bia, Bäia\nCimbrian: bir\nMòcheno: piar\nCentral Franconian: Bier, Beer\nLuxembourgish: Béier\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: biyr\nGerman: Bier (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Bier\nYiddish: ביר (bir)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *beuʀ\nOld English: bēor\nMiddle English: bere, beere\nEnglish: beer (see there for further descendants)\nScots: bere, beir, beer\nOld Frisian: biār\nSaterland Frisian: Bjoor\nWest Frisian: bier\nOld Saxon: bior\nMiddle Low German: bêr\nGerman Low German: Beer\nMecklenburgisch: Bier\nPlautdietsch: Bea\nOld Dutch: *bior, *bier\nMiddle Dutch: bier\nDutch: bier (see there for further descendants)\nAfrikaans: bier\nLimburgish: beer\n→ Middle French: biere (see there for further descendants)\nOld High German: bior\nMiddle High German: bier\nAlemannic German: Bier, Biär, Pier\nBavarian: Bia, Bäia\nCimbrian: bir\nMòcheno: piar\nCentral Franconian: Bier, Beer\nLuxembourgish: Béier\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: biyr\nGerman: Bier (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Bier\nYiddish: ביר (bir)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bjórr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bjórr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bjórr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bjór"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bjór",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bjór"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bjór"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: bjór",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: bjór"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "bjor"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: bjor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: bjor"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "beóir",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Irish: beóir\nIrish: beoir",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Irish: beóir\nIrish: beoir"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰews-",
"t": "dross, sediment; brewer's yeast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment; brewer's yeast”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "buska",
"t": "freshly brewed beer, new beer"
},
"expansion": "Swedish buska (“freshly brewed beer, new beer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "būs",
"t": "a swelling"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German būs (“a swelling”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "mbush",
"t": "to fill, stuff"
},
"expansion": "Albanian mbush (“to fill, stuff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "trk-ogr"
},
"expansion": "Oghur",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment; brewer's yeast”). If so, cognate with Swedish buska (“freshly brewed beer, new beer”), Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bûsen (“to feast, booze, drink heavily”), Middle High German būs (“a swelling”), and indirectly (via bowse, ultimately from Middle Dutch) booze. Non-Germanic cognates may include Albanian mbush (“to fill, stuff”).\nAlternatively reconstructed by Kroonen as *beurą, a dissimilation of earlier *breurą, derived from *brewwaną (“to brew”). In a parenthetical side remark, Hyllested speculatively suggests an origin in Oghur *pora (“a grey kvas-like drink”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biuzis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuzą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beuzasaliz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beer"
],
"id": "en-beuzą-gem-pro-noun-HYtM-FTN",
"links": [
[
"beer",
"beer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*alu"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeu̯.zɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "beuzą"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "beuzasaliz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*beuʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *beuʀ\nOld English: bēor\nMiddle English: bere, beere\nEnglish: beer (see there for further descendants)\nScots: bere, beir, beer\nOld Frisian: biār\nSaterland Frisian: Bjoor\nWest Frisian: bier\nOld Saxon: bior\nMiddle Low German: bêr\nGerman Low German: Beer\nMecklenburgisch: Bier\nPlautdietsch: Bea\nOld Dutch: *bior, *bier\nMiddle Dutch: bier\nDutch: bier (see there for further descendants)\nAfrikaans: bier\nLimburgish: beer\n→ Middle French: biere (see there for further descendants)\nOld High German: bior\nMiddle High German: bier\nAlemannic German: Bier, Biär, Pier\nBavarian: Bia, Bäia\nCimbrian: bir\nMòcheno: piar\nCentral Franconian: Bier, Beer\nLuxembourgish: Béier\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: biyr\nGerman: Bier (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Bier\nYiddish: ביר (bir)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *beuʀ\nOld English: bēor\nMiddle English: bere, beere\nEnglish: beer (see there for further descendants)\nScots: bere, beir, beer\nOld Frisian: biār\nSaterland Frisian: Bjoor\nWest Frisian: bier\nOld Saxon: bior\nMiddle Low German: bêr\nGerman Low German: Beer\nMecklenburgisch: Bier\nPlautdietsch: Bea\nOld Dutch: *bior, *bier\nMiddle Dutch: bier\nDutch: bier (see there for further descendants)\nAfrikaans: bier\nLimburgish: beer\n→ Middle French: biere (see there for further descendants)\nOld High German: bior\nMiddle High German: bier\nAlemannic German: Bier, Biär, Pier\nBavarian: Bia, Bäia\nCimbrian: bir\nMòcheno: piar\nCentral Franconian: Bier, Beer\nLuxembourgish: Béier\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: biyr\nGerman: Bier (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Bier\nYiddish: ביר (bir)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bjórr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bjórr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bjórr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bjór"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bjór",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bjór"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bjór"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: bjór",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: bjór"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "bjor"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: bjor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: bjor"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "beóir",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Irish: beóir\nIrish: beoir",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Irish: beóir\nIrish: beoir"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰews-",
"t": "dross, sediment; brewer's yeast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment; brewer's yeast”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "buska",
"t": "freshly brewed beer, new beer"
},
"expansion": "Swedish buska (“freshly brewed beer, new beer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "būs",
"t": "a swelling"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German būs (“a swelling”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "mbush",
"t": "to fill, stuff"
},
"expansion": "Albanian mbush (“to fill, stuff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "trk-ogr"
},
"expansion": "Oghur",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment; brewer's yeast”). If so, cognate with Swedish buska (“freshly brewed beer, new beer”), Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bûsen (“to feast, booze, drink heavily”), Middle High German būs (“a swelling”), and indirectly (via bowse, ultimately from Middle Dutch) booze. Non-Germanic cognates may include Albanian mbush (“to fill, stuff”).\nAlternatively reconstructed by Kroonen as *beurą, a dissimilation of earlier *breurą, derived from *brewwaną (“to brew”). In a parenthetical side remark, Hyllested speculatively suggests an origin in Oghur *pora (“a grey kvas-like drink”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biuzis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beuzamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuzą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Oghur languages",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Undetermined language links",
"gem-pro:Alcoholic beverages",
"gem-pro:Liquids"
],
"glosses": [
"beer"
],
"links": [
[
"beer",
"beer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*alu"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeu̯.zɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "beuzą"
}
Download raw JSONL data for beuzą meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.