See aspō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for aspō meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*aspu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *aspu\nOld English: æspe, æsp, æps\nMiddle English: aspe; aspen\nEnglish: asp; aspen\nOld Saxon: *aspa\nMiddle Low German: aspe, espe, hespe\nLow German: Äsp\nOld Dutch: *aspa, *espa\nMiddle Dutch: espe\nDutch: esp\nOld High German: aspa\nMiddle High German: aspe\nGerman: Espe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *aspu\nOld English: æspe, æsp, æps\nMiddle English: aspe; aspen\nEnglish: asp; aspen\nOld Saxon: *aspa\nMiddle Low German: aspe, espe, hespe\nLow German: Äsp\nOld Dutch: *aspa, *espa\nMiddle Dutch: espe\nDutch: esp\nOld High German: aspa\nMiddle High German: aspe\nGerman: Espe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ǫsp"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: ǫsp\nIcelandic: ösp\nFaroese: øsp\nNorwegian Nynorsk: osp; (dialectal) øsp\nNorwegian Bokmål: osp\nSwedish: asp\nDanish: asp\nNorwegian Bokmål: asp",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: ǫsp\nIcelandic: ösp\nFaroese: øsp\nNorwegian Nynorsk: osp; (dialectal) øsp\nNorwegian Bokmål: osp\nSwedish: asp\nDanish: asp\nNorwegian Bokmål: asp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*haapa",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *haapa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "metathesized from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*šapa</i>?"
},
"expansion": "(metathesized from *šapa?)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *haapa (metathesized from *šapa?) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hosp-",
"4": "",
"5": "aspen, poplar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hosp- (“aspen, poplar”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "aethnen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh aethnen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "apse"
},
"expansion": "Latvian apse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ēpušė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ēpušė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "abse"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian abse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*opsa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *opsa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an apparent Proto-Indo-European *Hosp- (“aspen, poplar”), though the distribution is limited to northern languages spoken in regions where the tree inhabits. Indo-European cognates include Welsh aethnen, Latvian apse, Lithuanian ēpušė (dialectal ãpušė), Old Prussian abse and Proto-Slavic *opsa (along with its suffixed variants *osìna and Southern *esìka), all meaning “aspen”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "aspō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aspôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aspǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aspō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"aspen"
],
"id": "en-aspō-gem-pro-noun-JPp0EHEH",
"links": [
[
"aspen",
"aspen"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "aspō"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*aspu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *aspu\nOld English: æspe, æsp, æps\nMiddle English: aspe; aspen\nEnglish: asp; aspen\nOld Saxon: *aspa\nMiddle Low German: aspe, espe, hespe\nLow German: Äsp\nOld Dutch: *aspa, *espa\nMiddle Dutch: espe\nDutch: esp\nOld High German: aspa\nMiddle High German: aspe\nGerman: Espe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *aspu\nOld English: æspe, æsp, æps\nMiddle English: aspe; aspen\nEnglish: asp; aspen\nOld Saxon: *aspa\nMiddle Low German: aspe, espe, hespe\nLow German: Äsp\nOld Dutch: *aspa, *espa\nMiddle Dutch: espe\nDutch: esp\nOld High German: aspa\nMiddle High German: aspe\nGerman: Espe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ǫsp"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: ǫsp\nIcelandic: ösp\nFaroese: øsp\nNorwegian Nynorsk: osp; (dialectal) øsp\nNorwegian Bokmål: osp\nSwedish: asp\nDanish: asp\nNorwegian Bokmål: asp",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: ǫsp\nIcelandic: ösp\nFaroese: øsp\nNorwegian Nynorsk: osp; (dialectal) øsp\nNorwegian Bokmål: osp\nSwedish: asp\nDanish: asp\nNorwegian Bokmål: asp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*haapa",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *haapa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "metathesized from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*šapa</i>?"
},
"expansion": "(metathesized from *šapa?)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *haapa (metathesized from *šapa?) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hosp-",
"4": "",
"5": "aspen, poplar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hosp- (“aspen, poplar”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "aethnen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh aethnen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "apse"
},
"expansion": "Latvian apse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ēpušė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ēpušė",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "abse"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian abse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*opsa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *opsa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an apparent Proto-Indo-European *Hosp- (“aspen, poplar”), though the distribution is limited to northern languages spoken in regions where the tree inhabits. Indo-European cognates include Welsh aethnen, Latvian apse, Lithuanian ēpušė (dialectal ãpušė), Old Prussian abse and Proto-Slavic *opsa (along with its suffixed variants *osìna and Southern *esìka), all meaning “aspen”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "aspō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aspôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aspǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aspō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aspōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aspō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Willows and poplars"
],
"glosses": [
"aspen"
],
"links": [
[
"aspen",
"aspen"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "aspō"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.