See andi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*andi",
"3": "*and"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *andi, *and",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *andi, *and"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "and"
},
"expansion": "Old English: and, ond, end, ᚪᚾᛞ (and), ᛖᚾᛞ (end) — Franks Casket\nMiddle English: and, annd, ant, an, en, ⁊, &\nEnglish: and\nScots: an\nYola: an, an', and",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: and, ond, end, ᚪᚾᛞ (and), ᛖᚾᛞ (end) — Franks Casket\nMiddle English: and, annd, ant, an, en, ⁊, &\nEnglish: and\nScots: an\nYola: an, an', and"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "and"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: and, ande, ende\nNorth Frisian: en\nSaterland Frisian: un\nWest Frisian: en, in",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: and, ande, ende\nNorth Frisian: en\nSaterland Frisian: un\nWest Frisian: en, in"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "endi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: endi\nMiddle Low German: ende, end, en; unde, und, un; (western also) inde, ind, in; (early) ande\nDutch Low Saxon: en, in\nGerman Low German: un, on\nPlautdietsch: un, en\n→ Latvian: un",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: endi\nMiddle Low German: ende, end, en; unde, und, un; (western also) inde, ind, in; (early) ande\nDutch Low Saxon: en, in\nGerman Low German: un, on\nPlautdietsch: un, en\n→ Latvian: un"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "ande"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: ande, enda, in, indi, unde\nMiddle Dutch: ende, en, end, enn, enne; (early) inde; (very rare) unde, ande\nDutch: en, ende (archaic)\nAfrikaans: en\nBerbice Creole Dutch: an\nJersey Dutch: en\nNegerhollands: en, an\nPetjo: en\nSranan Tongo: èn\nLimburgish: ènde, ènd, èn, è",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: ande, enda, in, indi, unde\nMiddle Dutch: ende, en, end, enn, enne; (early) inde; (very rare) unde, ande\nDutch: en, ende (archaic)\nAfrikaans: en\nBerbice Creole Dutch: an\nJersey Dutch: en\nNegerhollands: en, an\nPetjo: en\nSranan Tongo: èn\nLimburgish: ènde, ènd, èn, è"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "unti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: unti, unta, unte, unda, undi, unde, un; anti, and; enti, endi, end; inti, indi, int, in\nMiddle High German: unde, unt, und, unn; onde, ont; (Central Franconian) inde\nBavarian: und\nCimbrian: un\nMòcheno: ont\nCentral Franconian: en, an (< inde), on, un (< unde, now predominant, originally south-eastern)\nHunsrik: un\nLuxembourgish: an\nGerman: und\nRhine Franconian: un, on\nPennsylvania German: un\nYiddish: און (un)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: unti, unta, unte, unda, undi, unde, un; anti, and; enti, endi, end; inti, indi, int, in\nMiddle High German: unde, unt, und, unn; onde, ont; (Central Franconian) inde\nBavarian: und\nCimbrian: un\nMòcheno: ont\nCentral Franconian: en, an (< inde), on, un (< unde, now predominant, originally south-eastern)\nHunsrik: un\nLuxembourgish: an\nGerman: und\nRhine Franconian: un, on\nPennsylvania German: un\nYiddish: און (un)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"qq": "from *anþi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: (from *anþi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: (from *anþi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "en"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: en\nIcelandic: en\nNorwegian Nynorsk: enn, en\nNorwegian Bokmål: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: en\nIcelandic: en\nNorwegian Nynorsk: enn, en\nNorwegian Bokmål: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "enn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: enn\nIcelandic: enn\nFaroese: enn\nNorwegian: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: enn\nIcelandic: enn\nFaroese: enn\nNorwegian: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "ent"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: ent",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: ent"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "entä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: entä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: entä"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "entä"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: entä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: entä"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ent-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*h₂énti>in front",
"id": "and",
"tree": "0"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂énti",
"t": "opposite, in front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“opposite, in front”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a full-grade form of Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“opposite, in front”), locative of *h₂ent- (“front, forehead”). West Germanic continues an enclitic variant. The forms in *u- may continue the zero grade (genitive singular *h₂n̥tés), but this is uncertain given the enclitic nature of the word and the virtually unlimited variety of attested vowels.",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/andi",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in addition, furthermore, and"
],
"id": "en-andi-gem-pro-conj-J75wPGfO",
"links": [
[
"in addition",
"in addition"
],
[
"furthermore",
"furthermore"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "anda-"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑn.di/"
}
],
"word": "andi"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*andi",
"3": "*and"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *andi, *and",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *andi, *and"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "and"
},
"expansion": "Old English: and, ond, end, ᚪᚾᛞ (and), ᛖᚾᛞ (end) — Franks Casket\nMiddle English: and, annd, ant, an, en, ⁊, &\nEnglish: and\nScots: an\nYola: an, an', and",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: and, ond, end, ᚪᚾᛞ (and), ᛖᚾᛞ (end) — Franks Casket\nMiddle English: and, annd, ant, an, en, ⁊, &\nEnglish: and\nScots: an\nYola: an, an', and"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "and"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: and, ande, ende\nNorth Frisian: en\nSaterland Frisian: un\nWest Frisian: en, in",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: and, ande, ende\nNorth Frisian: en\nSaterland Frisian: un\nWest Frisian: en, in"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "endi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: endi\nMiddle Low German: ende, end, en; unde, und, un; (western also) inde, ind, in; (early) ande\nDutch Low Saxon: en, in\nGerman Low German: un, on\nPlautdietsch: un, en\n→ Latvian: un",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: endi\nMiddle Low German: ende, end, en; unde, und, un; (western also) inde, ind, in; (early) ande\nDutch Low Saxon: en, in\nGerman Low German: un, on\nPlautdietsch: un, en\n→ Latvian: un"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "ande"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: ande, enda, in, indi, unde\nMiddle Dutch: ende, en, end, enn, enne; (early) inde; (very rare) unde, ande\nDutch: en, ende (archaic)\nAfrikaans: en\nBerbice Creole Dutch: an\nJersey Dutch: en\nNegerhollands: en, an\nPetjo: en\nSranan Tongo: èn\nLimburgish: ènde, ènd, èn, è",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: ande, enda, in, indi, unde\nMiddle Dutch: ende, en, end, enn, enne; (early) inde; (very rare) unde, ande\nDutch: en, ende (archaic)\nAfrikaans: en\nBerbice Creole Dutch: an\nJersey Dutch: en\nNegerhollands: en, an\nPetjo: en\nSranan Tongo: èn\nLimburgish: ènde, ènd, èn, è"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "unti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: unti, unta, unte, unda, undi, unde, un; anti, and; enti, endi, end; inti, indi, int, in\nMiddle High German: unde, unt, und, unn; onde, ont; (Central Franconian) inde\nBavarian: und\nCimbrian: un\nMòcheno: ont\nCentral Franconian: en, an (< inde), on, un (< unde, now predominant, originally south-eastern)\nHunsrik: un\nLuxembourgish: an\nGerman: und\nRhine Franconian: un, on\nPennsylvania German: un\nYiddish: און (un)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: unti, unta, unte, unda, undi, unde, un; anti, and; enti, endi, end; inti, indi, int, in\nMiddle High German: unde, unt, und, unn; onde, ont; (Central Franconian) inde\nBavarian: und\nCimbrian: un\nMòcheno: ont\nCentral Franconian: en, an (< inde), on, un (< unde, now predominant, originally south-eastern)\nHunsrik: un\nLuxembourgish: an\nGerman: und\nRhine Franconian: un, on\nPennsylvania German: un\nYiddish: און (un)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"qq": "from *anþi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: (from *anþi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: (from *anþi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "en"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: en\nIcelandic: en\nNorwegian Nynorsk: enn, en\nNorwegian Bokmål: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: en\nIcelandic: en\nNorwegian Nynorsk: enn, en\nNorwegian Bokmål: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "enn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: enn\nIcelandic: enn\nFaroese: enn\nNorwegian: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: enn\nIcelandic: enn\nFaroese: enn\nNorwegian: enn\nOld Swedish: æn\nSwedish: än\nDanish: end"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "ent"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: ent",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: ent"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "entä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: entä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: entä"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "entä"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: entä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: entä"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ent-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*h₂énti>in front",
"id": "and",
"tree": "0"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂énti",
"t": "opposite, in front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“opposite, in front”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a full-grade form of Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“opposite, in front”), locative of *h₂ent- (“front, forehead”). West Germanic continues an enclitic variant. The forms in *u- may continue the zero grade (genitive singular *h₂n̥tés), but this is uncertain given the enclitic nature of the word and the virtually unlimited variety of attested vowels.",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/andi",
"pos": "conj",
"related": [
{
"word": "anda-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic conjunctions",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ent-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"in addition, furthermore, and"
],
"links": [
[
"in addition",
"in addition"
],
[
"furthermore",
"furthermore"
],
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑn.di/"
}
],
"word": "andi"
}
Download raw JSONL data for andi meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.