"aiwiskaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See aiwiskaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eygʷʰ- + *-iskos; for the root, compare Sanskrit अनेहस् (an-ehás, “flawless, unrivalled”) (< *n̥-h₂eygʷʰós). Formerly often compared with Ancient Greek αἶσχος (aîskhos), but this hypothesis has largely been abandoned due to its formal difficulty. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*h₂eygʷʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂eygʷʰ-, {{cog|sa|अनेहस्|t=flawless, unrivalled|tr=an-ehás}} Sanskrit अनेहस् (an-ehás, “flawless, unrivalled”), {{cog|grc|αἶσχος}} Ancient Greek αἶσχος (aîskhos) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|aiwisk}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*aiwiskaz|*aiwiskanǭ|*aiwiskas, -is|*aiwiskammai|*aiwiskanō|*aiwiskai|*aiwiskanz|*aiwiskaizǫ̂|*aiwiskaimaz|*aiwiskaimiz|*aiwiskō|*aiwiskǭ|*aiwiskaizōz|*aiwiskaizōi|*aiwiskaizō|*aiwiskôz|*aiwiskōz|*aiwiskaizǫ̂|*aiwiskaimaz|*aiwiskaimiz|*aiwiską, -atō|*aiwiską, -atō|*aiwiskas, -is|*aiwiskammai|*aiwiskanō|*aiwiskō|*aiwiskō|*aiwiskaizǫ̂|*aiwiskaimaz|*aiwiskaimiz|*aiwiskô|*aiwiskanų|*aiwiskiniz|*aiwiskini|*aiwiskinē|*aiwiskaniz|*aiwiskanunz|*aiwiskanǫ̂|*aiwiskammaz|*aiwiskammiz|*aiwiskǭ|*aiwiskōnų|*aiwiskōniz|*aiwiskōni|*aiwiskōnē|*aiwiskōniz|*aiwiskōnunz|*aiwiskōnǫ̂|*aiwiskōmaz|*aiwiskōmiz|*aiwiskô|*aiwiskô|*aiwiskiniz|*aiwiskini|*aiwiskinē|*aiwiskōnō|*aiwiskōnō|*aiwiskanǫ̂|*aiwiskammaz|*aiwiskammiz|title=*aiwiskaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], aiwiskaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], aiwiskai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], aiwiskō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], aiwiskôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], aiwiską [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], aiwiskō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], aiwiskanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], aiwiskanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], aiwiskǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], aiwiskōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], aiwiską [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], aiwiskō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], aiwiskas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], aiwiskaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], aiwiskaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], aiwiskaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], aiwiskas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], aiwiskaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], aiwiskammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], aiwiskaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], aiwiskaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], aiwiskaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], aiwiskammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], aiwiskaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], aiwiskanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], aiwiskaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], aiwiskaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], aiwiskaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], aiwiskanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], aiwiskaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], aiwiskô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], aiwiskaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], aiwiskǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], aiwiskōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], aiwiskô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], aiwiskōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], aiwiskanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], aiwiskanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], aiwiskōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], aiwiskōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], aiwiskô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], aiwiskōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], aiwiskiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], aiwiskanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], aiwiskōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], aiwiskōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], aiwiskiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], aiwiskanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], aiwiskini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], aiwiskammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], aiwiskōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], aiwiskōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], aiwiskini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], aiwiskammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], aiwiskinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], aiwiskammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], aiwiskōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], aiwiskōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], aiwiskinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], aiwiskammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. shameful Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Derived forms (*aiwiskō): ǣwisċ [Old-English]
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "āwisċ",
            "3": "ǣwisċ",
            "4": "ēawisċ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: āwisċ, ǣwisċ, ēawisċ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: āwisċ, ǣwisċ, ēawisċ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*ēwisk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *ēwisk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *ēwisk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "êsch",
            "3": "eisch"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: êsch, eisch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: êsch, eisch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "aiwisk",
            "3": "eisk",
            "4": "aisch"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: aiwisk, eisk, aisch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: aiwisk, eisk, aisch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*ēwisk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *ēwisk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *ēwisk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "eisch"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: eisch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: eisch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "ēwisklīh",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: ēwisklīh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: ēwisklīh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (*aiwisks)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (*aiwisks) (in 𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (unaiwisks))"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eygʷʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eygʷʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अनेहस्",
        "t": "flawless, unrivalled",
        "tr": "an-ehás"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अनेहस् (an-ehás, “flawless, unrivalled”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "αἶσχος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek αἶσχος (aîskhos)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eygʷʰ- + *-iskos; for the root, compare Sanskrit अनेहस् (an-ehás, “flawless, unrivalled”) (< *n̥-h₂eygʷʰós).\nFormerly often compared with Ancient Greek αἶσχος (aîskhos), but this hypothesis has largely been abandoned due to its formal difficulty.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aiwisk"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*aiwiskaz",
        "10": "*aiwiskaimiz",
        "11": "*aiwiskō",
        "12": "*aiwiskǭ",
        "13": "*aiwiskaizōz",
        "14": "*aiwiskaizōi",
        "15": "*aiwiskaizō",
        "16": "*aiwiskôz",
        "17": "*aiwiskōz",
        "18": "*aiwiskaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*aiwiskaimaz",
        "2": "*aiwiskanǭ",
        "20": "*aiwiskaimiz",
        "21": "*aiwiską, -atō",
        "22": "*aiwiską, -atō",
        "23": "*aiwiskas, -is",
        "24": "*aiwiskammai",
        "25": "*aiwiskanō",
        "26": "*aiwiskō",
        "27": "*aiwiskō",
        "28": "*aiwiskaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*aiwiskaimaz",
        "3": "*aiwiskas, -is",
        "30": "*aiwiskaimiz",
        "31": "*aiwiskô",
        "32": "*aiwiskanų",
        "33": "*aiwiskiniz",
        "34": "*aiwiskini",
        "35": "*aiwiskinē",
        "36": "*aiwiskaniz",
        "37": "*aiwiskanunz",
        "38": "*aiwiskanǫ̂",
        "39": "*aiwiskammaz",
        "4": "*aiwiskammai",
        "40": "*aiwiskammiz",
        "41": "*aiwiskǭ",
        "42": "*aiwiskōnų",
        "43": "*aiwiskōniz",
        "44": "*aiwiskōni",
        "45": "*aiwiskōnē",
        "46": "*aiwiskōniz",
        "47": "*aiwiskōnunz",
        "48": "*aiwiskōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*aiwiskōmaz",
        "5": "*aiwiskanō",
        "50": "*aiwiskōmiz",
        "51": "*aiwiskô",
        "52": "*aiwiskô",
        "53": "*aiwiskiniz",
        "54": "*aiwiskini",
        "55": "*aiwiskinē",
        "56": "*aiwiskōnō",
        "57": "*aiwiskōnō",
        "58": "*aiwiskanǫ̂",
        "59": "*aiwiskammaz",
        "6": "*aiwiskai",
        "60": "*aiwiskammiz",
        "7": "*aiwiskanz",
        "8": "*aiwiskaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*aiwiskaimaz",
        "title": "*aiwiskaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aiwiskaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "sense": "*aiwiskō",
          "tags": [
            "Old-English"
          ],
          "word": "ǣwisċ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shameful"
      ],
      "id": "en-aiwiskaz-gem-pro-adj-hqjR0-G4",
      "links": [
        [
          "shameful",
          "shameful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aiwiskaz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "sense": "*aiwiskō",
      "tags": [
        "Old-English"
      ],
      "word": "ǣwisċ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "āwisċ",
            "3": "ǣwisċ",
            "4": "ēawisċ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: āwisċ, ǣwisċ, ēawisċ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: āwisċ, ǣwisċ, ēawisċ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*ēwisk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *ēwisk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *ēwisk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "êsch",
            "3": "eisch"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: êsch, eisch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: êsch, eisch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "aiwisk",
            "3": "eisk",
            "4": "aisch"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: aiwisk, eisk, aisch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: aiwisk, eisk, aisch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*ēwisk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *ēwisk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *ēwisk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "eisch"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: eisch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: eisch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "ēwisklīh",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: ēwisklīh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: ēwisklīh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (*aiwisks)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (*aiwisks) (in 𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (unaiwisks))"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eygʷʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eygʷʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अनेहस्",
        "t": "flawless, unrivalled",
        "tr": "an-ehás"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अनेहस् (an-ehás, “flawless, unrivalled”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "αἶσχος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek αἶσχος (aîskhos)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eygʷʰ- + *-iskos; for the root, compare Sanskrit अनेहस् (an-ehás, “flawless, unrivalled”) (< *n̥-h₂eygʷʰós).\nFormerly often compared with Ancient Greek αἶσχος (aîskhos), but this hypothesis has largely been abandoned due to its formal difficulty.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aiwiskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aiwisk"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*aiwiskaz",
        "10": "*aiwiskaimiz",
        "11": "*aiwiskō",
        "12": "*aiwiskǭ",
        "13": "*aiwiskaizōz",
        "14": "*aiwiskaizōi",
        "15": "*aiwiskaizō",
        "16": "*aiwiskôz",
        "17": "*aiwiskōz",
        "18": "*aiwiskaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*aiwiskaimaz",
        "2": "*aiwiskanǭ",
        "20": "*aiwiskaimiz",
        "21": "*aiwiską, -atō",
        "22": "*aiwiską, -atō",
        "23": "*aiwiskas, -is",
        "24": "*aiwiskammai",
        "25": "*aiwiskanō",
        "26": "*aiwiskō",
        "27": "*aiwiskō",
        "28": "*aiwiskaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*aiwiskaimaz",
        "3": "*aiwiskas, -is",
        "30": "*aiwiskaimiz",
        "31": "*aiwiskô",
        "32": "*aiwiskanų",
        "33": "*aiwiskiniz",
        "34": "*aiwiskini",
        "35": "*aiwiskinē",
        "36": "*aiwiskaniz",
        "37": "*aiwiskanunz",
        "38": "*aiwiskanǫ̂",
        "39": "*aiwiskammaz",
        "4": "*aiwiskammai",
        "40": "*aiwiskammiz",
        "41": "*aiwiskǭ",
        "42": "*aiwiskōnų",
        "43": "*aiwiskōniz",
        "44": "*aiwiskōni",
        "45": "*aiwiskōnē",
        "46": "*aiwiskōniz",
        "47": "*aiwiskōnunz",
        "48": "*aiwiskōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*aiwiskōmaz",
        "5": "*aiwiskanō",
        "50": "*aiwiskōmiz",
        "51": "*aiwiskô",
        "52": "*aiwiskô",
        "53": "*aiwiskiniz",
        "54": "*aiwiskini",
        "55": "*aiwiskinē",
        "56": "*aiwiskōnō",
        "57": "*aiwiskōnō",
        "58": "*aiwiskanǫ̂",
        "59": "*aiwiskammaz",
        "6": "*aiwiskai",
        "60": "*aiwiskammiz",
        "7": "*aiwiskanz",
        "8": "*aiwiskaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*aiwiskaimaz",
        "title": "*aiwiskaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aiwiskaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shameful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shameful",
          "shameful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aiwiskaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for aiwiskaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.