See -ist in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ist meaning in Proto-Germanic (2.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-est",
"3": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -est, -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -est, -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-est"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -est"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "English: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-ist"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: -ist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: -ist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-ist"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: -ist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: -ist"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: -st"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-ist"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -ist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -ist"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "German: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌹𐍃𐍄"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄 (-ist)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄 (-ist)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-istaz",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ist",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-est. Forms the superlative of certain adverbs."
],
"id": "en--ist-gem-pro-suffix-OBlRU5-2",
"links": [
[
"-est",
"-est"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ist/"
}
],
"word": "-ist"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-est",
"3": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -est, -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -est, -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-est"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -est"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "English: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-ist"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: -ist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: -ist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-ist"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: -ist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: -ist"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: -st"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-ist"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -ist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -ist"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "German: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: -st"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌹𐍃𐍄"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄 (-ist)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄 (-ist)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-istaz",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ist",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic adverb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"-est. Forms the superlative of certain adverbs."
],
"links": [
[
"-est",
"-est"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ist/"
}
],
"word": "-ist"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.