"-ōstaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See -ōstaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /ɔːs.tɑz/
Etymology: See *-istaz. Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|-ōst}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*-ōstaz|*-ōstanǭ|*-ōstas, -is|*-ōstammai|*-ōstanō|*-ōstai|*-ōstanz|*-ōstaizǫ̂|*-ōstaimaz|*-ōstaimiz|*-ōstō|*-ōstǭ|*-ōstaizōz|*-ōstaizōi|*-ōstaizō|*-ōstôz|*-ōstōz|*-ōstaizǫ̂|*-ōstaimaz|*-ōstaimiz|*-ōstą, -atō|*-ōstą, -atō|*-ōstas, -is|*-ōstammai|*-ōstanō|*-ōstō|*-ōstō|*-ōstaizǫ̂|*-ōstaimaz|*-ōstaimiz|*-ōstô|*-ōstanų|*-ōstiniz|*-ōstini|*-ōstinē|*-ōstaniz|*-ōstanunz|*-ōstanǫ̂|*-ōstammaz|*-ōstammiz|*-ōstǭ|*-ōstōnų|*-ōstōniz|*-ōstōni|*-ōstōnē|*-ōstōniz|*-ōstōnunz|*-ōstōnǫ̂|*-ōstōmaz|*-ōstōmiz|*-ōstô|*-ōstô|*-ōstiniz|*-ōstini|*-ōstinē|*-ōstōnō|*-ōstōnō|*-ōstanǫ̂|*-ōstammaz|*-ōstammiz|title=*-ōstaz (a-stem)}} Forms: -ōzô [comparative], no-table-tags [table-tags], -ōstaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], -ōstai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], -ōstō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], -ōstôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], -ōstą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -ōstō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], -ōstanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], -ōstanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], -ōstǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], -ōstōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], -ōstą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -ōstō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], -ōstas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -ōstaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], -ōstaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], -ōstaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], -ōstas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -ōstaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], -ōstammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], -ōstaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], -ōstaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], -ōstaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], -ōstammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], -ōstaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], -ōstanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], -ōstaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], -ōstaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], -ōstaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], -ōstanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], -ōstaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], -ōstô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], -ōstaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], -ōstǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], -ōstōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], -ōstô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], -ōstōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], -ōstanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], -ōstanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], -ōstōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], -ōstōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], -ōstô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], -ōstōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], -ōstiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], -ōstanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], -ōstōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], -ōstōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], -ōstiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], -ōstanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], -ōstini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], -ōstammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], -ōstōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], -ōstōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], -ōstini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], -ōstammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], -ōstinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], -ōstammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], -ōstōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], -ōstōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], -ōstinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], -ōstammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. -est. Forms the superlative of certain adjectives. Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ōstaz-gem-pro-suffix-JFUMkaRx Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "German: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "*-ᛟᛊᛏᚨᛉ",
            "ts": "ōstaʀ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: *-ᛟᛊᛏᚨᛉ (*-ostaʀ /⁠ōstaʀ⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: *-ᛟᛊᛏᚨᛉ (*-ostaʀ /⁠ōstaʀ⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "-astr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: -astr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: -astr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "-astur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: -astur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: -astur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "-astur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: -astur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: -astur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "-aster"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: -aster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: -aster"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "-ast"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: -ast",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: -ast"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "-𐍉𐍃𐍄𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: -𐍉𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ōsts)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: -𐍉𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ōsts)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See *-istaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ōzô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ōst"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*-ōstaz",
        "10": "*-ōstaimiz",
        "11": "*-ōstō",
        "12": "*-ōstǭ",
        "13": "*-ōstaizōz",
        "14": "*-ōstaizōi",
        "15": "*-ōstaizō",
        "16": "*-ōstôz",
        "17": "*-ōstōz",
        "18": "*-ōstaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*-ōstaimaz",
        "2": "*-ōstanǭ",
        "20": "*-ōstaimiz",
        "21": "*-ōstą, -atō",
        "22": "*-ōstą, -atō",
        "23": "*-ōstas, -is",
        "24": "*-ōstammai",
        "25": "*-ōstanō",
        "26": "*-ōstō",
        "27": "*-ōstō",
        "28": "*-ōstaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*-ōstaimaz",
        "3": "*-ōstas, -is",
        "30": "*-ōstaimiz",
        "31": "*-ōstô",
        "32": "*-ōstanų",
        "33": "*-ōstiniz",
        "34": "*-ōstini",
        "35": "*-ōstinē",
        "36": "*-ōstaniz",
        "37": "*-ōstanunz",
        "38": "*-ōstanǫ̂",
        "39": "*-ōstammaz",
        "4": "*-ōstammai",
        "40": "*-ōstammiz",
        "41": "*-ōstǭ",
        "42": "*-ōstōnų",
        "43": "*-ōstōniz",
        "44": "*-ōstōni",
        "45": "*-ōstōnē",
        "46": "*-ōstōniz",
        "47": "*-ōstōnunz",
        "48": "*-ōstōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*-ōstōmaz",
        "5": "*-ōstanō",
        "50": "*-ōstōmiz",
        "51": "*-ōstô",
        "52": "*-ōstô",
        "53": "*-ōstiniz",
        "54": "*-ōstini",
        "55": "*-ōstinē",
        "56": "*-ōstōnō",
        "57": "*-ōstōnō",
        "58": "*-ōstanǫ̂",
        "59": "*-ōstammaz",
        "6": "*-ōstai",
        "60": "*-ōstammiz",
        "7": "*-ōstanz",
        "8": "*-ōstaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*-ōstaimaz",
        "title": "*-ōstaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ōstaz",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-est. Forms the superlative of certain adjectives."
      ],
      "id": "en--ōstaz-gem-pro-suffix-JFUMkaRx",
      "links": [
        [
          "-est",
          "-est"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːs.tɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ōstaz"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "-ost"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: -ost",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: -ost"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "German: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "*-ᛟᛊᛏᚨᛉ",
            "ts": "ōstaʀ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: *-ᛟᛊᛏᚨᛉ (*-ostaʀ /⁠ōstaʀ⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: *-ᛟᛊᛏᚨᛉ (*-ostaʀ /⁠ōstaʀ⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "-astr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: -astr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: -astr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "-astur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: -astur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: -astur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "-astur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: -astur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: -astur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "-aster"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: -aster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: -aster"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "-ast"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: -ast",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: -ast"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "-𐍉𐍃𐍄𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: -𐍉𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ōsts)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: -𐍉𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ōsts)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See *-istaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ōzô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ōstammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ōst"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*-ōstaz",
        "10": "*-ōstaimiz",
        "11": "*-ōstō",
        "12": "*-ōstǭ",
        "13": "*-ōstaizōz",
        "14": "*-ōstaizōi",
        "15": "*-ōstaizō",
        "16": "*-ōstôz",
        "17": "*-ōstōz",
        "18": "*-ōstaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*-ōstaimaz",
        "2": "*-ōstanǭ",
        "20": "*-ōstaimiz",
        "21": "*-ōstą, -atō",
        "22": "*-ōstą, -atō",
        "23": "*-ōstas, -is",
        "24": "*-ōstammai",
        "25": "*-ōstanō",
        "26": "*-ōstō",
        "27": "*-ōstō",
        "28": "*-ōstaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*-ōstaimaz",
        "3": "*-ōstas, -is",
        "30": "*-ōstaimiz",
        "31": "*-ōstô",
        "32": "*-ōstanų",
        "33": "*-ōstiniz",
        "34": "*-ōstini",
        "35": "*-ōstinē",
        "36": "*-ōstaniz",
        "37": "*-ōstanunz",
        "38": "*-ōstanǫ̂",
        "39": "*-ōstammaz",
        "4": "*-ōstammai",
        "40": "*-ōstammiz",
        "41": "*-ōstǭ",
        "42": "*-ōstōnų",
        "43": "*-ōstōniz",
        "44": "*-ōstōni",
        "45": "*-ōstōnē",
        "46": "*-ōstōniz",
        "47": "*-ōstōnunz",
        "48": "*-ōstōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*-ōstōmaz",
        "5": "*-ōstanō",
        "50": "*-ōstōmiz",
        "51": "*-ōstô",
        "52": "*-ōstô",
        "53": "*-ōstiniz",
        "54": "*-ōstini",
        "55": "*-ōstinē",
        "56": "*-ōstōnō",
        "57": "*-ōstōnō",
        "58": "*-ōstanǫ̂",
        "59": "*-ōstammaz",
        "6": "*-ōstai",
        "60": "*-ōstammiz",
        "7": "*-ōstanz",
        "8": "*-ōstaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*-ōstaimaz",
        "title": "*-ōstaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ōstaz",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjective-forming suffixes",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic suffixes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-est. Forms the superlative of certain adjectives."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-est",
          "-est"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːs.tɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ōstaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ōstaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.5kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.