See -āną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*-ēn" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *-ēn\nOld English: -ian (in a few cases; preceded by a palatalised consonant or non-backed æ)\nOld High German: -ēn\nMiddle High German: -en\nGerman: -en", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *-ēn\nOld English: -ian (in a few cases; preceded by a palatalised consonant or non-backed æ)\nOld High German: -ēn\nMiddle High German: -en\nGerman: -en" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "-ja" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: -ja", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "only after short stems" }, "expansion": "(only after short stems)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Old Norse: -ja (only after short stems)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "-ja" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: -ja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: -ja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "-ja" }, "expansion": "Faroese: -ja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: -ja" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "-𐌰𐌽", "tr": "-ān" }, "expansion": "Gothic: -𐌰𐌽 (-ān)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: -𐌰𐌽 (-ān)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*-oyéti", "pos": "factitive verb suffix" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-oyéti (factitive verb suffix)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "-όω" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek -όω (-óō)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Somewhat uncertain. Reconstructed by Ringe as originating from earlier *-ajaną, from Proto-Indo-European *-oyéti (factitive verb suffix). The reconstruction of this Indo-European suffix is uncertain, but it would also be the origin of the Ancient Greek -όω (-óō) contracted verbs.", "forms": [ { "form": "weak", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-wk3", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "3", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "-ō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aisi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-ai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-āsai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aiþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-āþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-āþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-ōs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-āþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-āþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-āmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-ānþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-ānþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-ānþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-ānþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-ānþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-adēdį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-āndz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "-adaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "name": "gem-conj-wk3" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-āną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "30 36 33", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 36 33", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 36 34", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Creates stative - fientive verbs from other verbs, from adjectives and from nouns." ], "id": "en--āną-gem-pro-verb-JjwcSR9N", "links": [ [ "stative", "stative#English" ], [ "fientive", "fientive#English" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "30 36 33", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 36 33", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 36 34", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Creates denominative verbs from nouns." ], "id": "en--āną-gem-pro-verb-zo9PAbF4", "links": [ [ "denominative", "denominative#English" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "30 36 33", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 36 33", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 36 34", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Creates factitive verbs from adjectives." ], "id": "en--āną-gem-pro-verb-eLffOAzD", "links": [ [ "factitive", "factitive#English" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɑː.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "-āną" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic class 3 weak verbs", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic suffixes", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic verb-forming suffixes" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*-ēn" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *-ēn\nOld English: -ian (in a few cases; preceded by a palatalised consonant or non-backed æ)\nOld High German: -ēn\nMiddle High German: -en\nGerman: -en", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *-ēn\nOld English: -ian (in a few cases; preceded by a palatalised consonant or non-backed æ)\nOld High German: -ēn\nMiddle High German: -en\nGerman: -en" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "-ja" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: -ja", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "only after short stems" }, "expansion": "(only after short stems)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Old Norse: -ja (only after short stems)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "-ja" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: -ja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: -ja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "-ja" }, "expansion": "Faroese: -ja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: -ja" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "-𐌰𐌽", "tr": "-ān" }, "expansion": "Gothic: -𐌰𐌽 (-ān)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: -𐌰𐌽 (-ān)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*-oyéti", "pos": "factitive verb suffix" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-oyéti (factitive verb suffix)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "-όω" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek -όω (-óō)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Somewhat uncertain. Reconstructed by Ringe as originating from earlier *-ajaną, from Proto-Indo-European *-oyéti (factitive verb suffix). The reconstruction of this Indo-European suffix is uncertain, but it would also be the origin of the Ancient Greek -όω (-óō) contracted verbs.", "forms": [ { "form": "weak", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-wk3", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "3", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "-ō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aisi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-ai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-āsai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aiþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-āþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-āþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-ōs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-āþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-āþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-āmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-ānþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-aiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-ānþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-ānþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-ānþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-ānþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-adēdį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-adēdun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-adēdīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-āndz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "-adaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "name": "gem-conj-wk3" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-āną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "Creates stative - fientive verbs from other verbs, from adjectives and from nouns." ], "links": [ [ "stative", "stative#English" ], [ "fientive", "fientive#English" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "Creates denominative verbs from nouns." ], "links": [ [ "denominative", "denominative#English" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "Creates factitive verbs from adjectives." ], "links": [ [ "factitive", "factitive#English" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɑː.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "-āną" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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