See þrumą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*þrum"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *þrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *þrum (in tunge-þrum \"sublinguae; a ligament of the tongue\")"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "throm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: throm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: throm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrum",
"t": "end of the warp threads; a tuft or tassel"
},
"expansion": "English: thrum (“end of the warp threads; a tuft or tassel”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thrum (“end of the warp threads; a tuft or tassel”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thrumi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: thrumi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: thrumi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "drom",
"3": "drum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: drom, drum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: drom, drum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "drom",
"3": "dreum"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: drom, dreum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: drom, dreum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "trum",
"3": "drum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: trum, drum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: trum, drum; demil (“beam”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "trum",
"3": "drum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: trum, drum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: trum, drum; treme, trempel (“supporting pillar”), trame, drame (“beam”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Trumm",
"3": "Trümmer",
"t": "large block, lump",
"t2": "debris"
},
"expansion": "German: Trumm (“large block, lump”), Trümmer (“debris”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Trumm (“large block, lump”), Trümmer (“debris”); Tremel (“trunk”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þrǫmr",
"t": "edge, border, brim"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: þrǫmr (“edge, border, brim”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: þrǫmr (“edge, border, brim”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "tröm",
"3": "trumm",
"4": "tram"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: tröm, trumm, tram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: tröm, trumm, tram"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tröm",
"3": "trumm",
"4": "trom",
"t3": "trunk, block of wood"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: tröm, trumm, trom (“trunk, block of wood”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: tröm, trumm, trom (“trunk, block of wood”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τέρμα",
"t": "end, boundary, goal"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τέρμα (térma, “end, boundary, goal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "terminus",
"t": "boundary, term"
},
"expansion": "Latin terminus (“boundary, term”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*térmn̥",
"t": "boundary"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“boundary”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. R. Meringer compares Ancient Greek τέρμα (térma, “end, boundary, goal”), Latin terminus (“boundary, term”), both from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“boundary”)), which, if correct, invokes an older sense of \"stone or piece (used to mark a boundary)\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrumą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stump, trunk, block; butt, end"
],
"id": "en-þrumą-gem-pro-noun-oxI6S36t",
"links": [
[
"stump",
"stump"
],
[
"trunk",
"trunk"
],
[
"block",
"block"
],
[
"butt",
"butt"
],
[
"end",
"end"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "þrumǭ"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "þrumą"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*þrum"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *þrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *þrum (in tunge-þrum \"sublinguae; a ligament of the tongue\")"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "throm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: throm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: throm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrum",
"t": "end of the warp threads; a tuft or tassel"
},
"expansion": "English: thrum (“end of the warp threads; a tuft or tassel”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thrum (“end of the warp threads; a tuft or tassel”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thrumi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: thrumi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: thrumi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "drom",
"3": "drum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: drom, drum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: drom, drum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "drom",
"3": "dreum"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: drom, dreum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: drom, dreum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "trum",
"3": "drum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: trum, drum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: trum, drum; demil (“beam”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "trum",
"3": "drum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: trum, drum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: trum, drum; treme, trempel (“supporting pillar”), trame, drame (“beam”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Trumm",
"3": "Trümmer",
"t": "large block, lump",
"t2": "debris"
},
"expansion": "German: Trumm (“large block, lump”), Trümmer (“debris”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Trumm (“large block, lump”), Trümmer (“debris”); Tremel (“trunk”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þrǫmr",
"t": "edge, border, brim"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: þrǫmr (“edge, border, brim”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: þrǫmr (“edge, border, brim”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "tröm",
"3": "trumm",
"4": "tram"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: tröm, trumm, tram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: tröm, trumm, tram"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tröm",
"3": "trumm",
"4": "trom",
"t3": "trunk, block of wood"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: tröm, trumm, trom (“trunk, block of wood”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: tröm, trumm, trom (“trunk, block of wood”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τέρμα",
"t": "end, boundary, goal"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τέρμα (térma, “end, boundary, goal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "terminus",
"t": "boundary, term"
},
"expansion": "Latin terminus (“boundary, term”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*térmn̥",
"t": "boundary"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“boundary”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. R. Meringer compares Ancient Greek τέρμα (térma, “end, boundary, goal”), Latin terminus (“boundary, term”), both from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“boundary”)), which, if correct, invokes an older sense of \"stone or piece (used to mark a boundary)\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrumamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrumą",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "þrumǭ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"stump, trunk, block; butt, end"
],
"links": [
[
"stump",
"stump"
],
[
"trunk",
"trunk"
],
[
"block",
"block"
],
[
"butt",
"butt"
],
[
"end",
"end"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "þrumą"
}
Download raw JSONL data for þrumą meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.