"þerbaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See þerbaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈθer.βɑz/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbʰ- (“rigid; stiff; restricted; tight”), from *(s)ter- (“stiff”). Alternative etymology derives *þerbaz from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to be stiff”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*(s)terbʰ-||rigid; stiff; restricted; tight}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbʰ- (“rigid; stiff; restricted; tight”), {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*terp-||to be stiff}} Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to be stiff”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|þerb}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*þerbaz|*þerbanǭ|*þerbas, -is|*þerbammai|*þerbanō|*þerbai|*þerbanz|*þerbaizǫ̂|*þerbaimaz|*þerbaimiz|*þerbō|*þerbǭ|*þerbaizōz|*þerbaizōi|*þerbaizō|*þerbôz|*þerbōz|*þerbaizǫ̂|*þerbaimaz|*þerbaimiz|*þerbą, -atō|*þerbą, -atō|*þerbas, -is|*þerbammai|*þerbanō|*þerbō|*þerbō|*þerbaizǫ̂|*þerbaimaz|*þerbaimiz|*þerbô|*þerbanų|*þerbiniz|*þerbini|*þerbinē|*þerbaniz|*þerbanunz|*þerbanǫ̂|*þerbammaz|*þerbammiz|*þerbǭ|*þerbōnų|*þerbōniz|*þerbōni|*þerbōnē|*þerbōniz|*þerbōnunz|*þerbōnǫ̂|*þerbōmaz|*þerbōmiz|*þerbô|*þerbô|*þerbiniz|*þerbini|*þerbinē|*þerbōnō|*þerbōnō|*þerbanǫ̂|*þerbammaz|*þerbammiz|title=*þerbaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], þerbaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], þerbai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], þerbō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], þerbôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], þerbą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], þerbō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], þerbanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], þerbanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], þerbǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], þerbōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], þerbą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], þerbō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], þerbas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], þerbaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], þerbaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], þerbaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], þerbas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], þerbaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], þerbammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], þerbaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], þerbaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], þerbaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], þerbammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], þerbaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], þerbanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], þerbaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], þerbaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], þerbaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], þerbanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], þerbaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], þerbô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], þerbaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], þerbǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], þerbōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], þerbô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], þerbōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], þerbanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], þerbanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], þerbōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], þerbōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], þerbô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], þerbōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], þerbiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], þerbanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], þerbōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], þerbōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], þerbiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], þerbanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], þerbini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], þerbammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], þerbōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], þerbōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], þerbini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], þerbammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], þerbinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], þerbammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], þerbōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], þerbōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], þerbinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], þerbammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. unleavened (of bread) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-þerbaz-gem-pro-adj-OdQShi0h Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 84 16
  2. fresh (of liquid) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-þerbaz-gem-pro-adj-fg-u5nIq

Download JSON data for þerbaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.4kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "þeorf"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: þeorf, þorof\nMiddle English: therf, tharf, tharfe, therfe, þarf, þerf, þerfe; þeorrf\nEnglish: tharf (obsolete)\nScots: tharf, therf",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: þeorf, þorof\nMiddle English: therf, tharf, tharfe, therfe, þarf, þerf, þerfe; þeorrf\nEnglish: tharf (obsolete)\nScots: tharf, therf"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "therf",
            "3": "derf"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: therf, derf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: therf, derf; therve, derve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frr",
            "2": "terew",
            "3": "serew"
          },
          "expansion": "North Frisian: terew, serew",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "North Frisian: terew, serew"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "thervi",
            "3": "tharvi"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: thervi, tharvi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: thervi, tharvi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "derve"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: derve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: derve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*therf"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *therf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *therf"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "derf"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: derf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: derf"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "derf"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: derf",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: derf (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "derb"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: derb, derp\nMiddle High German: derp\nGerman: derb",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: derb, derp\nMiddle High German: derp\nGerman: derb"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "þjarfr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: þjarfr\nIcelandic: þjarfur\nNorwegian Bokmål: tjerv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjerv\nSwedish: kärv",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: þjarfr\nIcelandic: þjarfur\nNorwegian Bokmål: tjerv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjerv\nSwedish: kärv"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)terbʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "rigid; stiff; restricted; tight"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbʰ- (“rigid; stiff; restricted; tight”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be stiff"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to be stiff”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbʰ- (“rigid; stiff; restricted; tight”), from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).\nAlternative etymology derives *þerbaz from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to be stiff”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þerb"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*þerbaz",
        "10": "*þerbaimiz",
        "11": "*þerbō",
        "12": "*þerbǭ",
        "13": "*þerbaizōz",
        "14": "*þerbaizōi",
        "15": "*þerbaizō",
        "16": "*þerbôz",
        "17": "*þerbōz",
        "18": "*þerbaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*þerbaimaz",
        "2": "*þerbanǭ",
        "20": "*þerbaimiz",
        "21": "*þerbą, -atō",
        "22": "*þerbą, -atō",
        "23": "*þerbas, -is",
        "24": "*þerbammai",
        "25": "*þerbanō",
        "26": "*þerbō",
        "27": "*þerbō",
        "28": "*þerbaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*þerbaimaz",
        "3": "*þerbas, -is",
        "30": "*þerbaimiz",
        "31": "*þerbô",
        "32": "*þerbanų",
        "33": "*þerbiniz",
        "34": "*þerbini",
        "35": "*þerbinē",
        "36": "*þerbaniz",
        "37": "*þerbanunz",
        "38": "*þerbanǫ̂",
        "39": "*þerbammaz",
        "4": "*þerbammai",
        "40": "*þerbammiz",
        "41": "*þerbǭ",
        "42": "*þerbōnų",
        "43": "*þerbōniz",
        "44": "*þerbōni",
        "45": "*þerbōnē",
        "46": "*þerbōniz",
        "47": "*þerbōnunz",
        "48": "*þerbōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*þerbōmaz",
        "5": "*þerbanō",
        "50": "*þerbōmiz",
        "51": "*þerbô",
        "52": "*þerbô",
        "53": "*þerbiniz",
        "54": "*þerbini",
        "55": "*þerbinē",
        "56": "*þerbōnō",
        "57": "*þerbōnō",
        "58": "*þerbanǫ̂",
        "59": "*þerbammaz",
        "6": "*þerbai",
        "60": "*þerbammiz",
        "7": "*þerbanz",
        "8": "*þerbaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*þerbaimaz",
        "title": "*þerbaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þerbaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "84 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unleavened (of bread)"
      ],
      "id": "en-þerbaz-gem-pro-adj-OdQShi0h",
      "links": [
        [
          "unleavened",
          "unleavened"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fresh (of liquid)"
      ],
      "id": "en-þerbaz-gem-pro-adj-fg-u5nIq",
      "links": [
        [
          "fresh",
          "fresh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθer.βɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "þerbaz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "þeorf"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: þeorf, þorof\nMiddle English: therf, tharf, tharfe, therfe, þarf, þerf, þerfe; þeorrf\nEnglish: tharf (obsolete)\nScots: tharf, therf",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: þeorf, þorof\nMiddle English: therf, tharf, tharfe, therfe, þarf, þerf, þerfe; þeorrf\nEnglish: tharf (obsolete)\nScots: tharf, therf"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "therf",
            "3": "derf"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: therf, derf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: therf, derf; therve, derve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frr",
            "2": "terew",
            "3": "serew"
          },
          "expansion": "North Frisian: terew, serew",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "North Frisian: terew, serew"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "thervi",
            "3": "tharvi"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: thervi, tharvi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: thervi, tharvi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "derve"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: derve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: derve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*therf"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *therf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *therf"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "derf"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: derf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: derf"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "derf"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: derf",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: derf (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "derb"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: derb, derp\nMiddle High German: derp\nGerman: derb",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: derb, derp\nMiddle High German: derp\nGerman: derb"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "þjarfr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: þjarfr\nIcelandic: þjarfur\nNorwegian Bokmål: tjerv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjerv\nSwedish: kärv",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: þjarfr\nIcelandic: þjarfur\nNorwegian Bokmål: tjerv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjerv\nSwedish: kärv"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)terbʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "rigid; stiff; restricted; tight"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbʰ- (“rigid; stiff; restricted; tight”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be stiff"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to be stiff”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbʰ- (“rigid; stiff; restricted; tight”), from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).\nAlternative etymology derives *þerbaz from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to be stiff”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þerbammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þerb"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*þerbaz",
        "10": "*þerbaimiz",
        "11": "*þerbō",
        "12": "*þerbǭ",
        "13": "*þerbaizōz",
        "14": "*þerbaizōi",
        "15": "*þerbaizō",
        "16": "*þerbôz",
        "17": "*þerbōz",
        "18": "*þerbaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*þerbaimaz",
        "2": "*þerbanǭ",
        "20": "*þerbaimiz",
        "21": "*þerbą, -atō",
        "22": "*þerbą, -atō",
        "23": "*þerbas, -is",
        "24": "*þerbammai",
        "25": "*þerbanō",
        "26": "*þerbō",
        "27": "*þerbō",
        "28": "*þerbaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*þerbaimaz",
        "3": "*þerbas, -is",
        "30": "*þerbaimiz",
        "31": "*þerbô",
        "32": "*þerbanų",
        "33": "*þerbiniz",
        "34": "*þerbini",
        "35": "*þerbinē",
        "36": "*þerbaniz",
        "37": "*þerbanunz",
        "38": "*þerbanǫ̂",
        "39": "*þerbammaz",
        "4": "*þerbammai",
        "40": "*þerbammiz",
        "41": "*þerbǭ",
        "42": "*þerbōnų",
        "43": "*þerbōniz",
        "44": "*þerbōni",
        "45": "*þerbōnē",
        "46": "*þerbōniz",
        "47": "*þerbōnunz",
        "48": "*þerbōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*þerbōmaz",
        "5": "*þerbanō",
        "50": "*þerbōmiz",
        "51": "*þerbô",
        "52": "*þerbô",
        "53": "*þerbiniz",
        "54": "*þerbini",
        "55": "*þerbinē",
        "56": "*þerbōnō",
        "57": "*þerbōnō",
        "58": "*þerbanǫ̂",
        "59": "*þerbammaz",
        "6": "*þerbai",
        "60": "*þerbammiz",
        "7": "*þerbanz",
        "8": "*þerbaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*þerbaimaz",
        "title": "*þerbaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þerbaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "unleavened (of bread)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unleavened",
          "unleavened"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fresh (of liquid)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fresh",
          "fresh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθer.βɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "þerbaz"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.