See vottadak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "võtma"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: võtma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: võtma/võtta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ottaa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ottaa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ottaa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ottaa"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: ottaa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: ottaa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: ottoa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: ottoa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "võttõ"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: võttõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: võttõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ottoa"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: ottoa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: ottoa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "ottada"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ottada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ottada"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "otta"
},
"expansion": "Veps: otta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: otta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "võtma"
},
"expansion": "Võro: võtma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: võtma/võttaq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "võtta"
},
"expansion": "Votic: võtta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: võtta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "vuohttit"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami vuohttit",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "вотны"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "ва̄туӈкве"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi ва̄туӈкве (vātuňkve)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrk",
"2": "",
"tr": "wed́e-"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Nenets [script needed] (wed́e-)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*watta-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *watta-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*wotta-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *wotta-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wendʰ-",
"4": "*wondʰ-éye-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wondʰ-éye-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wandijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wandijaną",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wenden",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "German wenden (“to turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "entwenden",
"3": "",
"4": "to steal"
},
"expansion": "German entwenden (“to steal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "venda"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse venda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "вотны"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*wexe-",
"3": "*wexe-ptä-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *wexe-ptä-",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. According to older theories, the word would be related to Northern Sami vuohttit, Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny), Northern Mansi ва̄туӈкве (vātuňkve) and Tundra Nenets [script needed] (wed́e-), suggesting it could come from Proto-Uralic *watta-, but this implies an irregular change of the initial vowel. Alternatively, according to Zhivlov (2014), from Proto-Uralic *wotta-, whence only the Finnic and Mansi terms.\nKoivulehto proposed that the word, through older *vont-ta-, is borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *wondʰ-éye- or its Pre-Germanic descendant, whence Proto-Germanic *wandijaną. The semantic development would be \"to turn > turn towards oneself > take possession of\" (cf. German wenden (“to turn”) > German entwenden (“to steal”), and possible parallels in older Germanic languages as well, such as Old Norse venda), with the older meaning surviving in the derived word *vot'in (“key”, literally “a tool which is turned”).\nMetsäranta (2020) raises the possibility that the root is actually two separate, originally unrelated roots. He also denies that the aforementioned Komi word (Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny)) is cognate with either, instead tracing it back to Proto-Uralic *wexe-ptä-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "votta-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ëit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "votta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akmak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëimëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëimak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagatëmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagatamak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagotëmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagotamak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aktëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëidëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëidak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagatë",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagot'ëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagotadak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottabat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "votta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcimëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcimak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicimëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicimak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëmak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcidëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcidak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicidëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicidak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëdëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëdak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadicihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'atticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'atticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "vottaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "vottaminen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "votta"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vottadak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vot'in"
},
{
"word": "votto"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take"
],
"id": "en-vottadak-urj-fin-pro-noun-TuaAS407",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "vottadak"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "vot'in"
},
{
"word": "votto"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "võtma"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: võtma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: võtma/võtta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ottaa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ottaa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ottaa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ottaa"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: ottaa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: ottaa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: ottoa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: ottoa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "võttõ"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: võttõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: võttõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ottoa"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: ottoa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: ottoa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "ottada"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ottada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ottada"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "otta"
},
"expansion": "Veps: otta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: otta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "võtma"
},
"expansion": "Võro: võtma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: võtma/võttaq"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "võtta"
},
"expansion": "Votic: võtta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: võtta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "vuohttit"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami vuohttit",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "вотны"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "ва̄туӈкве"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi ва̄туӈкве (vātuňkve)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yrk",
"2": "",
"tr": "wed́e-"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Nenets [script needed] (wed́e-)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*watta-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *watta-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*wotta-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *wotta-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wendʰ-",
"4": "*wondʰ-éye-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wondʰ-éye-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wandijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wandijaną",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wenden",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "German wenden (“to turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "entwenden",
"3": "",
"4": "to steal"
},
"expansion": "German entwenden (“to steal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "venda"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse venda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "вотны"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*wexe-",
"3": "*wexe-ptä-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *wexe-ptä-",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. According to older theories, the word would be related to Northern Sami vuohttit, Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny), Northern Mansi ва̄туӈкве (vātuňkve) and Tundra Nenets [script needed] (wed́e-), suggesting it could come from Proto-Uralic *watta-, but this implies an irregular change of the initial vowel. Alternatively, according to Zhivlov (2014), from Proto-Uralic *wotta-, whence only the Finnic and Mansi terms.\nKoivulehto proposed that the word, through older *vont-ta-, is borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *wondʰ-éye- or its Pre-Germanic descendant, whence Proto-Germanic *wandijaną. The semantic development would be \"to turn > turn towards oneself > take possession of\" (cf. German wenden (“to turn”) > German entwenden (“to steal”), and possible parallels in older Germanic languages as well, such as Old Norse venda), with the older meaning surviving in the derived word *vot'in (“key”, literally “a tool which is turned”).\nMetsäranta (2020) raises the possibility that the root is actually two separate, originally unrelated roots. He also denies that the aforementioned Komi word (Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny)) is cognate with either, instead tracing it back to Proto-Uralic *wexe-ptä-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "votta-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ëit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "votta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akmak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëimëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëimak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagatëmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagatamak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagotëmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagotamak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aktëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëidëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëidak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagatë",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagot'ëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagotadak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottabat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "votta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "vottagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'aktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcimëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcimak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicimëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicimak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëmëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëmak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcidëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcidak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicidëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicidak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëdëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëdak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadicihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'atticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "vottëicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadakcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'at'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'atticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "vottaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "vottanut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottadu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vot'attu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vottama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "vottaminen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "votta"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vottadak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Finnic verbs",
"Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-ei",
"Requests for native script for Tundra Nenets terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to take"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "vottadak"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vottadak meaning in Proto-Finnic (15.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.