See përna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "põrn"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: põrn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: põrn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "perna"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: perna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: perna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "perna",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: perna, perta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: perna, perta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "pärnä"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: pärnä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: pärnä"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "pȭrna"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: pȭrna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: pȭrna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "pärny"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: pärny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: pärny"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "pärn"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: pärn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: pärn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "pärm"
},
"expansion": "Veps: pärm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: pärm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "põrn"
},
"expansion": "Võro: põrn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: põrn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "põrnõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: põrnõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: põrnõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir"
},
"expansion": "Indo-Iranian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spər^əzan)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Indo-Iranian language, compare Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spər^əzan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "përna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "përnan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "përna"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/përna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spleen"
],
"id": "en-përna-urj-fin-pro-noun-nUhmcM~7",
"links": [
[
"spleen",
"spleen"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "përna"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "põrn"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: põrn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: põrn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "perna"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: perna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: perna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "perna",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: perna, perta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: perna, perta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "pärnä"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: pärnä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: pärnä"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "pȭrna"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: pȭrna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: pȭrna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "pärny"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: pärny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: pärny"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "pärn"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: pärn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: pärn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "pärm"
},
"expansion": "Veps: pärm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: pärm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "põrn"
},
"expansion": "Võro: põrn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: põrn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "põrnõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: põrnõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: põrnõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir"
},
"expansion": "Indo-Iranian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spər^əzan)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Indo-Iranian language, compare Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spər^əzan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "përna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "përnan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "përnatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "përnoitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "përna"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/përna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Indo-Iranian languages",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Indo-Iranian languages",
"urj-fin-pro:Body"
],
"glosses": [
"spleen"
],
"links": [
[
"spleen",
"spleen"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "përna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for përna meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.