See mees in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "mees"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: mees",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: mees"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "mies"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: mies",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "mees"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: mees",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: mees"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "mies"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: mies",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Livonian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Courland Livonian: mīez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vidzeme Livonian: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "mies"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: mies",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "miez"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: miez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: miez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "mez'"
},
"expansion": "Veps: mez'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: mez'"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "miis'"
},
"expansion": "Võro: miis'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: miis'"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "meez"
},
"expansion": "Votic: meez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: meez"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēgaz",
"t": "male in-law"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (“male in-law”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "less likely"
},
"expansion": "(less likely)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Indo-Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*mangjás",
"3": "",
"4": "man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *mangjás (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मनुष्य",
"tr": "manuṣyá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣyá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*koje",
"id": "male",
"t": "man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *koje (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Two possibilities have been proposed:\n* From earlier *meexes, borrowing from Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (“male in-law”).\n* (less likely) Relationship to the Proto-Uralic root *mańćɜ, reflected in the ethnonyms Mansi and Magyar, of Indo-Iranian origin (compare Proto-Balto-Slavic *mangjás (“man”), Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣyá)).\nBoth proposals have phonetic problems. At any rate, the word is an innovation replacing Proto-Uralic *koje (“man”).",
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mees",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"man, male"
],
"id": "en-mees-urj-fin-pro-noun-6yx-fOCd",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"male",
"male"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"husband"
],
"id": "en-mees-urj-fin-pro-noun-n-6PiLk6",
"links": [
[
"husband",
"husband"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "mees"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "mees"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: mees",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: mees"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "mies"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: mies",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "mees"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: mees",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: mees"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "mies"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: mies",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Livonian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Courland Livonian: mīez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vidzeme Livonian: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "mies"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: mies",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: mies"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "miez"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: miez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: miez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "mez'"
},
"expansion": "Veps: mez'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: mez'"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "miis'"
},
"expansion": "Võro: miis'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: miis'"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "meez"
},
"expansion": "Votic: meez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: meez"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēgaz",
"t": "male in-law"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (“male in-law”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "less likely"
},
"expansion": "(less likely)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "iir",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Indo-Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*mangjás",
"3": "",
"4": "man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *mangjás (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मनुष्य",
"tr": "manuṣyá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣyá)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*koje",
"id": "male",
"t": "man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *koje (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Two possibilities have been proposed:\n* From earlier *meexes, borrowing from Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (“male in-law”).\n* (less likely) Relationship to the Proto-Uralic root *mańćɜ, reflected in the ethnonyms Mansi and Magyar, of Indo-Iranian origin (compare Proto-Balto-Slavic *mangjás (“man”), Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣyá)).\nBoth proposals have phonetic problems. At any rate, the word is an innovation replacing Proto-Uralic *koje (“man”).",
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mees",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"urj-fin-pro:People"
],
"glosses": [
"man, male"
],
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"male",
"male"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"urj-fin-pro:Family members"
],
"glosses": [
"husband"
],
"links": [
[
"husband",
"husband"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "mees"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mees meaning in Proto-Finnic (3.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.