"lauta" meaning in Proto-Finnic

See lauta in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Probably borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian plauts (“shelf”), Lithuanian plautas (“sauna bench”)). Alternatively, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic [Term?] (whence Old Norse fleyðr, Swedish flöte). Etymology templates: {{bor|urj-fin-pro|bat-pro|}} Proto-Baltic [Term?], {{cog|lv|plauts||shelf}} Latvian plauts (“shelf”), {{cog|lt|plautas||sauna bench}} Lithuanian plautas (“sauna bench”), {{bor|urj-fin-pro|gem-pro|}} Proto-Germanic [Term?], {{cog|non|fleyðr}} Old Norse fleyðr, {{cog|sv|flöte}} Swedish flöte Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-decl|lauta}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], lauta [nominative, singular], laudat [nominative, plural], laudan [accusative, singular], laudat [accusative, plural], laudan [genitive, singular], lautadën [genitive, plural], lautëidën [genitive, plural], lautada [partitive, singular], lautëida [partitive, plural], laudassa [inessive, singular], laudahna [inessive, singular], laudëissa [inessive, plural], laudëihna [inessive, plural], laudasta [elative, singular], laudëista [elative, plural], lautahën [illative, singular], lautëihën [illative, plural], laudalla [adessive, singular], laudëilla [adessive, plural], laudalta [ablative, singular], laudëilta [ablative, plural], lautalën [allative, singular], lautalëk [allative, singular], lautëilën [allative, plural], lautëilëk [allative, plural], lautana [essive, singular], lautëina [essive, plural], laudaksi [singular, translative], laudëiksi [plural, translative], laudan [instructive, singular], laudëin [instructive, plural], lautanëk [comitative, singular], lautëinëk [comitative, plural], laudatta [abessive, singular], laudëitta [abessive, plural]
  1. board, plank Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-lauta-urj-fin-pro-noun-i-F6dFQN Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 75 25 Disambiguation of Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header: 89 11 Disambiguation of Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei: 96 4
  2. table Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *peütä
    Sense id: en-lauta-urj-fin-pro-noun-DU~Ep403
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "lauta"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: lauta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: lauta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "se",
            "2": "lávdi",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Northern Sami: lávdi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Northern Sami: lávdi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "lauta"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: lauta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: lauta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: lauta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: lauda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "lōda"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: lōda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: lōda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "laudu"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: laudu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: laudu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "lautõ"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: lautõ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: lautõ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*luovtē",
            "bor": "1+",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Proto-Samic: *luovtē",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Proto-Samic: *luovtē"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic [Term?]",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "plauts",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shelf"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian plauts (“shelf”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "plautas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sauna bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian plautas (“sauna bench”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic [Term?]",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "fleyðr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse fleyðr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "flöte"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish flöte",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian plauts (“shelf”), Lithuanian plautas (“sauna bench”)). Alternatively, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic [Term?] (whence Old Norse fleyðr, Swedish flöte).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautadën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudassa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudahna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudalla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudalta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautalën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautalëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautana",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudaksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lauta"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lauta",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "75 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "board, plank"
      ],
      "id": "en-lauta-urj-fin-pro-noun-i-F6dFQN",
      "links": [
        [
          "board",
          "board"
        ],
        [
          "plank",
          "plank"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "table"
      ],
      "id": "en-lauta-urj-fin-pro-noun-DU~Ep403",
      "links": [
        [
          "table",
          "table"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*peütä"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "lauta"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
    "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
    "Proto-Finnic nouns",
    "Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Baltic",
    "Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "lauta"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: lauta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: lauta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "se",
            "2": "lávdi",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Northern Sami: lávdi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Northern Sami: lávdi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "lauta"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: lauta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: lauta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: lauta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: lauda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "lōda"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: lōda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: lōda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "laudu"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: laudu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: laudu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "laud"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: laud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: laud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "lautõ"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: lautõ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: lautõ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*luovtē",
            "bor": "1+",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Proto-Samic: *luovtē",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Proto-Samic: *luovtē"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic [Term?]",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "plauts",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shelf"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian plauts (“shelf”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "plautas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sauna bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian plautas (“sauna bench”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic [Term?]",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "fleyðr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse fleyðr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "flöte"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish flöte",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian plauts (“shelf”), Lithuanian plautas (“sauna bench”)). Alternatively, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic [Term?] (whence Old Norse fleyðr, Swedish flöte).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautadën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudassa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudahna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudalla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudalta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautalën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautalëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautana",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudaksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lautëinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laudëitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lauta"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lauta",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "board, plank"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "board",
          "board"
        ],
        [
          "plank",
          "plank"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "urj-fin-pro:Furniture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "table"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "table",
          "table"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*peütä"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "lauta"
}

Download raw JSONL data for lauta meaning in Proto-Finnic (6.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.