See kuva in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "koṿe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Inari Sami: koṿe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Inari Sami: koṿe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "gåvvå",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lule Sami: gåvvå",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lule Sami: gåvvå"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "govva",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Sami: govva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Sami: govva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kuva",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Estonian: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Estonian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Veps: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Votic: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: kuva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuwwô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuwwô",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skuwwô.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuva",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kuva"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuva",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"image"
],
"id": "en-kuva-urj-fin-pro-noun-YQXWzHav",
"links": [
[
"image",
"image"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pattern"
],
"id": "en-kuva-urj-fin-pro-noun-H9ONXL0q",
"links": [
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 46 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 52 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reflection"
],
"id": "en-kuva-urj-fin-pro-noun-8wQJxRp4",
"links": [
[
"reflection",
"reflection"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shadow"
],
"id": "en-kuva-urj-fin-pro-noun-C7CdgGAO",
"links": [
[
"shadow",
"shadow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*varjo"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kuva"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "koṿe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Inari Sami: koṿe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Inari Sami: koṿe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "gåvvå",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lule Sami: gåvvå",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lule Sami: gåvvå"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "govva",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Sami: govva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Sami: govva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kuva",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Estonian: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Estonian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Veps: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: kuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "kuva"
},
"expansion": "Votic: kuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: kuva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuwwô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuwwô",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skuwwô.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuva",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuvëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kuva"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuva",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"image"
],
"links": [
[
"image",
"image"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pattern"
],
"links": [
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reflection"
],
"links": [
[
"reflection",
"reflection"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shadow"
],
"links": [
[
"shadow",
"shadow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*varjo"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kuva"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kuva meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.