"kuusi" meaning in Proto-Finnic

See kuusi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Uralic *kowse, possibly with monophthongization *ow > *ou > *uu. Etymology templates: {{inh|urj-fin-pro|urj-pro|*kowse}} Proto-Uralic *kowse Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-decl|kuusë}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kuusi [nominative, singular], kuusët [nominative, plural], kuusën [accusative, singular], kuusët [accusative, plural], kuusën [genitive, singular], kuustën [genitive, plural], kuusidën [genitive, plural], kuusta [partitive, singular], kuusida [partitive, plural], kuusëssa [inessive, singular], kuusëhna [inessive, singular], kuusissa [inessive, plural], kuusihna [inessive, plural], kuusësta [elative, singular], kuusista [elative, plural], kuusëhën [illative, singular], kuusihën [illative, plural], kuusëlla [adessive, singular], kuusilla [adessive, plural], kuusëlta [ablative, singular], kuusilta [ablative, plural], kuusëlën [allative, singular], kuusëlëk [allative, singular], kuusilën [allative, plural], kuusilëk [allative, plural], kuussa [essive, singular], kuusina [essive, plural], kuusëksi [singular, translative], kuusiksi [plural, translative], kuusën [instructive, singular], kuusin [instructive, plural], kuussëk [comitative, singular], kuusinëk [comitative, plural], kuusëtta [abessive, singular], kuusitta [abessive, plural]
  1. spruce Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: kuusikkoi
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kuusk"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kuusk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kuusk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kuusi",
            "id1": "tree"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kuusi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kuusi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kuus"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kuus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kuus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "kuusi"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: kuusi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: kuusi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Courland Livonian: kūzõ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Vidzeme Livonian: kūs"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kuz'"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kuz'",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kuz'"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kuus'"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kuus'",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kuus'"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kuusi"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: kuusi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: kuusi"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kowse"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kowse",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kowse, possibly with monophthongization *ow > *ou > *uu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuustën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëssa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëhna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusësta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuussa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuussëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëtta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kuusë"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuusi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "kuusikkoi"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spruce"
      ],
      "id": "en-kuusi-urj-fin-pro-noun-Iwz~ehGy",
      "links": [
        [
          "spruce",
          "spruce"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kuusi"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "kuusikkoi"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kuusk"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kuusk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kuusk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kuusi",
            "id1": "tree"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kuusi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kuusi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kuus"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kuus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kuus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "kuusi"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: kuusi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: kuusi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Courland Livonian: kūzõ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Vidzeme Livonian: kūs"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kuz'"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kuz'",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kuz'"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kuus'"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kuus'",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kuus'"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kuusi"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: kuusi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: kuusi"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kowse"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kowse",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kowse, possibly with monophthongization *ow > *ou > *uu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuustën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëssa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëhna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusësta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëlëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuussa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuussëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusëtta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuusitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kuusë"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuusi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
        "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
        "Proto-Finnic nouns",
        "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
        "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
        "urj-fin-pro:Trees"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spruce"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spruce",
          "spruce"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kuusi"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kuusi meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.