See kirja in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kirja meaning in Proto-Finnic (7.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kiri",
"t": "writing, letter, pattern"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: kiri (“writing, letter, pattern”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: kiri (“writing, letter, pattern”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kirja",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kirja (“book”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kirja (“book”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kirja",
"t": "book, pattern, letter"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kirja (“book, pattern, letter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kirja (“book, pattern, letter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "kirja",
"3": "",
"4": "letter; pattern; book"
},
"expansion": "kirja (“letter; pattern; book”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: kirja (“letter; pattern; book”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "kirja",
"3": "",
"4": "letter; pattern"
},
"expansion": "kirja (“letter; pattern”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "South Karelian: kirja (“letter; pattern”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kirju",
"t": "book, list, pattern, literacy, education"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kirju (“book, list, pattern, literacy, education”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kirju (“book, list, pattern, literacy, education”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "kēra",
"t": "pattern, writing, letter"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: kēra (“pattern, writing, letter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: kēra (“pattern, writing, letter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "kirď",
"t": "pattern, letter (of the alphabet)"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: kirď (“pattern, letter (of the alphabet)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: kirď (“pattern, letter (of the alphabet)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "kirj",
"t": "book, writing, literacy, pattern, sign"
},
"expansion": "Veps: kirj (“book, writing, literacy, pattern, sign”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: kirj (“book, writing, literacy, pattern, sign”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "kiri",
"t": "writing, letter"
},
"expansion": "Võro: kiri (“writing, letter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: kiri (“writing, letter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "tširjõ",
"t": "book, writing, letter, literacy, document, colour"
},
"expansion": "Votic: tširjõ (“book, writing, letter, literacy, document, colour”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: tširjõ (“book, writing, letter, literacy, document, colour”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*kirjē",
"bor": "1",
"t": "spot, speck; book"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kirjē (“spot, speck; book”)\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: girjie\nUme Sami: girjjie\nPite Sami: girrje\nLule Sami: girjje\nNorthern Sami: girji\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: kirje\nSkolt Sami: ǩeʹrjj\nAkkala Sami: киррьй (kirr’j, “pattern”)\nKildin Sami: кыррьй (kyrr’j)\nTer Sami: kërrʹje",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kirjē (“spot, speck; book”)\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: girjie\nUme Sami: girjjie\nPite Sami: girrje\nLule Sami: girjje\nNorthern Sami: girji\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: kirje\nSkolt Sami: ǩeʹrjj\nAkkala Sami: киррьй (kirr’j, “pattern”)\nKildin Sami: кыррьй (kyrr’j)\nTer Sami: kërrʹje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin unknown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kirja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kirja"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kirja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kirjoittadak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"decoration, carving, pattern"
],
"id": "en-kirja-urj-fin-pro-noun-RldEAm7X",
"links": [
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"carving",
"carving"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kirja"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kirjoittadak"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kiri",
"t": "writing, letter, pattern"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: kiri (“writing, letter, pattern”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: kiri (“writing, letter, pattern”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kirja",
"t": "book"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kirja (“book”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kirja (“book”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kirja",
"t": "book, pattern, letter"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kirja (“book, pattern, letter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kirja (“book, pattern, letter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "kirja",
"3": "",
"4": "letter; pattern; book"
},
"expansion": "kirja (“letter; pattern; book”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: kirja (“letter; pattern; book”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "kirja",
"3": "",
"4": "letter; pattern"
},
"expansion": "kirja (“letter; pattern”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "South Karelian: kirja (“letter; pattern”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kirju",
"t": "book, list, pattern, literacy, education"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kirju (“book, list, pattern, literacy, education”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kirju (“book, list, pattern, literacy, education”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "kēra",
"t": "pattern, writing, letter"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: kēra (“pattern, writing, letter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: kēra (“pattern, writing, letter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "kirď",
"t": "pattern, letter (of the alphabet)"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: kirď (“pattern, letter (of the alphabet)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: kirď (“pattern, letter (of the alphabet)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "kirj",
"t": "book, writing, literacy, pattern, sign"
},
"expansion": "Veps: kirj (“book, writing, literacy, pattern, sign”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: kirj (“book, writing, literacy, pattern, sign”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "kiri",
"t": "writing, letter"
},
"expansion": "Võro: kiri (“writing, letter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: kiri (“writing, letter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "tširjõ",
"t": "book, writing, letter, literacy, document, colour"
},
"expansion": "Votic: tširjõ (“book, writing, letter, literacy, document, colour”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: tširjõ (“book, writing, letter, literacy, document, colour”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*kirjē",
"bor": "1",
"t": "spot, speck; book"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kirjē (“spot, speck; book”)\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: girjie\nUme Sami: girjjie\nPite Sami: girrje\nLule Sami: girjje\nNorthern Sami: girji\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: kirje\nSkolt Sami: ǩeʹrjj\nAkkala Sami: киррьй (kirr’j, “pattern”)\nKildin Sami: кыррьй (kyrr’j)\nTer Sami: kërrʹje",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kirjē (“spot, speck; book”)\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: girjie\nUme Sami: girjjie\nPite Sami: girrje\nLule Sami: girjje\nNorthern Sami: girji\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: kirje\nSkolt Sami: ǩeʹrjj\nAkkala Sami: киррьй (kirr’j, “pattern”)\nKildin Sami: кыррьй (kyrr’j)\nTer Sami: kërrʹje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin unknown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kirja",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kirjoitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kirja"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kirja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"decoration, carving, pattern"
],
"links": [
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"carving",
"carving"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kirja"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.