See kalëda in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kale"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: kale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: kale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kalea",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) kalea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) kalea"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kalie"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kalie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kalie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "kallõ"
},
"expansion": "Võro: kallõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: kallõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kale",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) kale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) kale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kale"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "kalõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: kalõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: kalõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kalaną",
"t": "to be cold, to freeze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kalaną (“to be cold, to freeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ëda"
},
"expansion": "+ *-ëda",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The root borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kalaną (“to be cold, to freeze”) and derived with + *-ëda.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kalëda"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kalëda",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-ëda",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cool, chilly"
],
"id": "en-kalëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-k12c9gOo",
"links": [
[
"cool",
"cool"
],
[
"chilly",
"chilly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of weather) cool, chilly"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of weather"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kolëda"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"harsh, hard"
],
"id": "en-kalëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-njIk1AHT",
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kalëda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic adjectives",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-ëda"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kale"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: kale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: kale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kalea",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) kalea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) kalea"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kalie"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kalie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kalie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "kallõ"
},
"expansion": "Võro: kallõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: kallõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kale",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) kale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) kale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kale"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "kalõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: kalõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: kalõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kalaną",
"t": "to be cold, to freeze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kalaną (“to be cold, to freeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ëda"
},
"expansion": "+ *-ëda",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The root borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kalaną (“to be cold, to freeze”) and derived with + *-ëda.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalëdëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kalëda"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kalëda",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cool, chilly"
],
"links": [
[
"cool",
"cool"
],
[
"chilly",
"chilly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of weather) cool, chilly"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of weather"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kolëda"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"harsh, hard"
],
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kalëda"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kalëda meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.