See -ma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "nominal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -ma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: -ma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Veps: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Võro: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Votic: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: -ma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "action"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 13 3 4 17 11 13 15 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms action/result nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--ma-urj-fin-pro-suffix-tQwdww-F",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Mostly meaningless suffix added to some nominal stems."
],
"id": "en--ma-urj-fin-pro-suffix-fzD97sKV",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-ma",
"pos": "ma-infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: -ma (ma-infinitive)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund in inessive, elative, translative and abessive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund in inessive, elative, translative and abessive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: -ma (ma-infinitive) (gerund in inessive, elative, translative and abessive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative, adessive, abessive and instructive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative, adessive, abessive and instructive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma (gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative, adessive, abessive and instructive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -ma",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative and abessive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -ma (gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "-ma",
"pos": "ma-infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Võro: -ma (ma-infinitive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: -ma (ma-infinitive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Votic: -ma",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund in inessive, elative, illative and abessive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Votic: -ma (gerund in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "participle"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "participle"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the gerund of verbs, generally only in certain case forms."
],
"id": "en--ma-urj-fin-pro-suffix-qpMcpvEY",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 10 1 1 7 1 1 9 6 6 8 1 1 7 3 1 10 3 8 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 9 3 33 6 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 11 3 33 9 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the agent participle, which indicates that an action was done by something (in the genitive)."
],
"id": "en--ma-urj-fin-pro-suffix-rv5na6Jh",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "place"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "place"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly an extension of the sense in Etymology 1, with the sense development \"action\" > \"event\" > \"location of event\" > \"location\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms names for places or locations."
],
"id": "en--ma-urj-fin-pro-suffix-hvBCLQWk",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-me"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: -me",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: -me"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mme",
"3": "-mma",
"4": "-ma",
"id": "verb ending",
"id3": "verb ending",
"q2": "dialectal",
"qq1": "vowel influenced by <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"fi\">me</i>",
"qq2": "Ostrobothnia, Lapland, Karelia",
"qq3": "South Ostrobothnia, past; < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-i-ma</i>"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -mme (vowel influenced by me), (dialectal) -mma (Ostrobothnia, Lapland, Karelia), -ma (South Ostrobothnia, past; < *-i-ma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -mme (vowel influenced by me), (dialectal) -mma (Ostrobothnia, Lapland, Karelia), -ma (South Ostrobothnia, past; < *-i-ma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-mma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -mma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -mma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "(present)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past; < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-i-ma</i>"
},
"expansion": "(past; < *-i-ma)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: -mma (present), -(i)ma (past; < *-i-ma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: -mma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-mõ",
"3": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: -mõ, -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: -mõ, -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "-mmo"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: -mmo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: -mmo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "-mme"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: -mme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: -mme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Veps: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-mma",
"alt1": "-mma/-mmõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: -mma/-mmõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: -mma/-mmõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Võro: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: -m"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "verb ending"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-mat",
"4": "*-ma(t)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma(t)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma(t).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The first-person plural personal ending for verbs."
],
"id": "en--ma-urj-fin-pro-suffix-dkowyQL2",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "nominal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -ma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: -ma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Veps: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Võro: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Votic: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: -ma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "action"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms action/result nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Mostly meaningless suffix added to some nominal stems."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-ma",
"pos": "ma-infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: -ma (ma-infinitive)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund in inessive, elative, translative and abessive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund in inessive, elative, translative and abessive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: -ma (ma-infinitive) (gerund in inessive, elative, translative and abessive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative, adessive, abessive and instructive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative, adessive, abessive and instructive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma (gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative, adessive, abessive and instructive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -ma",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative and abessive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -ma (gerund (3rd infinitive) in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "-ma",
"pos": "ma-infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Võro: -ma (ma-infinitive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: -ma (ma-infinitive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Votic: -ma",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gerund in inessive, elative, illative and abessive"
},
"expansion": "(gerund in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Votic: -ma (gerund in inessive, elative, illative and abessive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "participle"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "participle"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the gerund of verbs, generally only in certain case forms."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the agent participle, which indicates that an action was done by something (in the genitive)."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma",
"id": "place"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -ma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "place"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly an extension of the sense in Etymology 1, with the sense development \"action\" > \"event\" > \"location of event\" > \"location\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms names for places or locations."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-me"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: -me",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: -me"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mme",
"3": "-mma",
"4": "-ma",
"id": "verb ending",
"id3": "verb ending",
"q2": "dialectal",
"qq1": "vowel influenced by <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"fi\">me</i>",
"qq2": "Ostrobothnia, Lapland, Karelia",
"qq3": "South Ostrobothnia, past; < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-i-ma</i>"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -mme (vowel influenced by me), (dialectal) -mma (Ostrobothnia, Lapland, Karelia), -ma (South Ostrobothnia, past; < *-i-ma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -mme (vowel influenced by me), (dialectal) -mma (Ostrobothnia, Lapland, Karelia), -ma (South Ostrobothnia, past; < *-i-ma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-mma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -mma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -mma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "(present)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past; < <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-i-ma</i>"
},
"expansion": "(past; < *-i-ma)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: -mma (present), -(i)ma (past; < *-i-ma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: -mma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-mõ",
"3": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: -mõ, -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: -mõ, -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "-mmo"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: -mmo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: -mmo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "-mme"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: -mme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: -mme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Veps: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: -m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-mma",
"alt1": "-mma/-mmõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: -mma/-mmõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: -mma/-mmõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Võro: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: -m"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "verb ending"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-mat",
"4": "*-ma(t)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma(t)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma(t).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ma / *-mä",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"head": "*-ma / *-mä"
},
"expansion": "*-ma / *-mä",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ma",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The first-person plural personal ending for verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ma meaning in Proto-Finnic (9.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.