See -ëk in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "-eg"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-õ"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-õ"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ek",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ëk / *-ek",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëdën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëkna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëknëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëginëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ëk / *-ek"
},
"expansion": "*-ëk / *-ek",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ëk"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ëk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 39 11 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms instrument nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--ëk-urj-fin-pro-suffix-ScTEWizH",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 39 11 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 44 6 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 5 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vke",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms result nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--ëk-urj-fin-pro-suffix-Z1ohyJ1i",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ëk"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vke",
"Proto-Finnic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "-eg"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-õ"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-õ"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ek",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ëk / *-ek",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëdën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëkna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëknëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëginëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ëgitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-ëk / *-ek"
},
"expansion": "*-ëk / *-ek",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ëk"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ëk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms instrument nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms result nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ëk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ëk meaning in Proto-Finnic (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.