See tougā in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "túag"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: túag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: túag"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "túag"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: túag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: túag"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "tua"
},
"expansion": "Irish: tua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: tua"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "teigh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: teigh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: teigh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "tuagh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: tuagh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: tuagh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Contouca",
"3": "Vertougus",
"4": "Togirix",
"5": "Togimarus",
"6": "Togivepus",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Latin: Contouca, Vertougus, Togirix, Togimarus, Togivepus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Latin: Contouca, Vertougus, Togirix, Togimarus, Togivepus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तुञ्जन्ति",
"pos": "3pl. pres.",
"t": "they strike"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तुञ्जन्ति (tuñjanti, “they strike”, 3pl. pres.)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τύκος",
"t": "hammer"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τύκος (túkos, “hammer”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Delamarre compares Sanskrit तुञ्जन्ति (tuñjanti, “they strike”, 3pl. pres.) and Ancient Greek τύκος (túkos, “hammer”);\nthe Sanskrit can be plausibly related, but the Greek cannot be (the Celtic has a -g-, not the -k- in Greek).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-a-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tougā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tougāns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tougom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*tougā f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "toug"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-a-f"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tougā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"axe, hatchet"
],
"id": "en-tougā-cel-pro-noun-dijBR8xF",
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
],
[
"hatchet",
"hatchet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*beyatlis"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tougā"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "túag"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: túag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: túag"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "túag"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: túag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: túag"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "tua"
},
"expansion": "Irish: tua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: tua"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "teigh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: teigh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: teigh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "tuagh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: tuagh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: tuagh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Contouca",
"3": "Vertougus",
"4": "Togirix",
"5": "Togimarus",
"6": "Togivepus",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Latin: Contouca, Vertougus, Togirix, Togimarus, Togivepus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Latin: Contouca, Vertougus, Togirix, Togimarus, Togivepus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तुञ्जन्ति",
"pos": "3pl. pres.",
"t": "they strike"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तुञ्जन्ति (tuñjanti, “they strike”, 3pl. pres.)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τύκος",
"t": "hammer"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τύκος (túkos, “hammer”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Delamarre compares Sanskrit तुञ्जन्ति (tuñjanti, “they strike”, 3pl. pres.) and Ancient Greek τύκος (túkos, “hammer”);\nthe Sanskrit can be plausibly related, but the Greek cannot be (the Celtic has a -g-, not the -k- in Greek).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-a-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tougā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tougam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tougāns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tougom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tougai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tougābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*tougā f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "toug"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-a-f"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tougā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic ā-stem nouns",
"cel-pro:Tools",
"cel-pro:Weapons"
],
"glosses": [
"axe, hatchet"
],
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
],
[
"hatchet",
"hatchet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*beyatlis"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tougā"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tougā meaning in Proto-Celtic (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.