"swerwos" meaning in Proto-Celtic

See swerwos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”). Etymology templates: {{root|cel-pro|ine-pro|*swer-|id=ache}}, {{der|cel-pro|ine-pro|*swer-||ache}} Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”) Head templates: {{head|cel-pro|adjective|||||cat2=|head=}} *swerwos Inflection templates: {{cel-decl-adj-o+a|swerw}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], swerwos [nominative, singular], swerwou [dual, nominative], swerwoi [nominative, plural], swerwe [singular, vocative], swerwou [dual, vocative], swerwoi [plural, vocative], swerwom [accusative, singular], swerwou [accusative, dual], swerwoms [accusative, plural], swerwī [genitive, singular], swerwous [dual, genitive], swerwom [genitive, plural], swerwūi [dative, singular], swerwobom [dative, dual], swerwobos [dative, plural], swerwū [instrumental, singular], swerwobim [dual, instrumental], swerwobis [instrumental, plural], swerwā [nominative, singular], swerwai [dual, nominative], swerwās [nominative, plural], swerwā [singular, vocative], swerwai [dual, vocative], swerwās [plural, vocative], swerwam [accusative, singular], swerwai [accusative, dual], swerwams [accusative, plural], swerwās [genitive, singular], swerwai [dative, singular], swerwābom [dative, dual], swerwābos [dative, plural], - [instrumental, singular], swerwābim [dual, instrumental], swerwābis [instrumental, plural], swerwom [nominative, singular], swerwā [nominative, plural], swerwom [singular, vocative], swerwā [plural, vocative], swerwā [accusative, plural]
  1. bitter Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-swerwos-cel-pro-adj-u-jpUx4B Categories (other): Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for swerwos meaning in Proto-Celtic (5.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-bry-pro",
            "2": "*hwerw"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwerw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwerw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obt",
            "2": "hueru"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Breton: hueru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Breton: hueru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "br",
            "2": "c'hwerv"
          },
          "expansion": "Breton: c'hwerv",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Breton: c'hwerv"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kw",
            "2": "hwerow"
          },
          "expansion": "Cornish: hwerow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cornish: hwerow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wlm",
            "2": "chwerw"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Welsh: chwerw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Welsh: chwerw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "chwerw"
          },
          "expansion": "Welsh: chwerw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Welsh: chwerw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sga",
            "2": "serb"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Irish: serb",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Irish: serb"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "searbh"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: searbh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: searbh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "searbh"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: searbh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: searbh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gv",
            "2": "sharroo"
          },
          "expansion": "Manx: sharroo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Manx: sharroo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "id": "ache"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ache"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "O/ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwoms",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwūi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwam",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwams",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*swerwos",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swerw"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-adj-o+a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/swerwos",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bitter"
      ],
      "id": "en-swerwos-cel-pro-adj-u-jpUx4B",
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "swerwos"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-bry-pro",
            "2": "*hwerw"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwerw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwerw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obt",
            "2": "hueru"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Breton: hueru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Breton: hueru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "br",
            "2": "c'hwerv"
          },
          "expansion": "Breton: c'hwerv",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Breton: c'hwerv"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kw",
            "2": "hwerow"
          },
          "expansion": "Cornish: hwerow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cornish: hwerow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wlm",
            "2": "chwerw"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Welsh: chwerw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Welsh: chwerw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "chwerw"
          },
          "expansion": "Welsh: chwerw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Welsh: chwerw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sga",
            "2": "serb"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Irish: serb",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Irish: serb"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "searbh"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: searbh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: searbh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "searbh"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: searbh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: searbh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gv",
            "2": "sharroo"
          },
          "expansion": "Manx: sharroo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Manx: sharroo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "id": "ache"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ache"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "O/ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwoms",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwūi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwobis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwam",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwams",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwābis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swerwā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*swerwos",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swerw"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-adj-o+a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/swerwos",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Celtic adjectives",
        "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Celtic lemmas",
        "Proto-Celtic o/ā-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Celtic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swer- (ache)"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bitter"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "swerwos"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.