sterkā in Proto-Celtic

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Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“to love”). Cognate to Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”). Matasović notes that the disparity of voicing of the final root consonants can be resolved by assuming a back-formation from a consonant stem because the nominative *-xs can be used by both stems in *-k and *-g. Etymology templates: {{inh|cel-pro|ine-pro|*sterg-||to love}} Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“to love”), {{cog|grc|στέργω|t=to love}} Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”) Head templates: {{head|cel-pro|noun|cat2=|g=f|g2=|g3=|head=}} *sterkā f Inflection templates: {{cel-decl-noun-a-f|sterk}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], sterkā [nominative, singular], sterkai [dual, nominative], sterkās [nominative, plural], sterkā [singular, vocative], sterkai [dual, vocative], sterkās [plural, vocative], sterkam [accusative, singular], sterkai [accusative, dual], sterkāms [accusative, plural], sterkās [genitive, singular], sterkous [dual, genitive], sterkom [genitive, plural], sterkāi [dative, singular], sterkābom [dative, dual], sterkābos [dative, plural], sterkai [locative, singular], - [dual, locative], - [locative, plural], - [instrumental, singular], sterkābim [dual, instrumental], sterkābis [instrumental, plural]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-bry-pro",
            "2": "*serx"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *serx",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Brythonic: *serx"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "br",
            "2": "serc'h",
            "g": "f",
            "t": "concubine, mistress"
          },
          "expansion": "Breton: serc'h f (“concubine, mistress”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Breton: serc'h f (“concubine, mistress”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "serch",
            "g": "m"
          },
          "expansion": "Welsh: serch m",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Welsh: serch m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sga",
            "2": "serc",
            "g": "f"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Irish: serc f\nIrish: searc\nScottish Gaelic: seirc",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Irish: serc f\nIrish: searc\nScottish Gaelic: seirc"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sterg-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to love"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“to love”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "στέργω",
        "t": "to love"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“to love”). Cognate to Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”). Matasović notes that the disparity of voicing of the final root consonants can be resolved by assuming a back-formation from a consonant stem because the nominative *-xs can be used by both stems in *-k and *-g.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-noun-a-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Feminine ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkāms",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkāi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*sterkā f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sterk"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-noun-a-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sterkā",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "love"
      ],
      "id": "en-sterkā-cel-pro-noun-aG90apW2",
      "links": [
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sterkā"
}

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-bry-pro",
            "2": "*serx"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *serx",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Brythonic: *serx"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "br",
            "2": "serc'h",
            "g": "f",
            "t": "concubine, mistress"
          },
          "expansion": "Breton: serc'h f (“concubine, mistress”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Breton: serc'h f (“concubine, mistress”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "serch",
            "g": "m"
          },
          "expansion": "Welsh: serch m",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Welsh: serch m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sga",
            "2": "serc",
            "g": "f"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Irish: serc f\nIrish: searc\nScottish Gaelic: seirc",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Irish: serc f\nIrish: searc\nScottish Gaelic: seirc"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sterg-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to love"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“to love”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "στέργω",
        "t": "to love"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“to love”). Cognate to Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love”). Matasović notes that the disparity of voicing of the final root consonants can be resolved by assuming a back-formation from a consonant stem because the nominative *-xs can be used by both stems in *-k and *-g.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-noun-a-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Feminine ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkāms",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkāi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sterkābis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*sterkā f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sterk"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-noun-a-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sterkā",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Celtic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Celtic lemmas",
        "Proto-Celtic nouns",
        "Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Celtic ā-stem nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "love"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sterkā"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"sterkā" meaning in Proto-Celtic

Noun