See skʷetlom in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*hwedl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwedl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwedl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "quehezl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Breton: quehezl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Breton: quehezl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "whethel"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: whethel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: whethel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "chwedyl",
"3": "chuetil",
"4": "chuedyl"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: chwedyl, chuetil, chuedyl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: chwedyl, chuetil, chuedyl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "chwedl"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: chwedl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: chwedl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "scél"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: scél\nIrish: scéal\nManx: skeeal\nScottish Gaelic: sgeul",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: scél\nIrish: scéal\nManx: skeeal\nScottish Gaelic: sgeul"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "say",
"t": "to say"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A simple derivation from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”) seems obvious, but the labiovelar seems to have lost its labialization in Brittonic; otherwise a p would have appeared. There are many ways to account for the delabialization:\n* Schrijver presumes delabialization in this word happened at the Proto-Celtic level, yielding *sketlom.\n* Matasović thinks a metathesis occurred; his own scenario of *skʷ > *xs- is implausible, since he cannot find a source for the following /w/. One can salvage his metathesis idea by instead positing *sékʷtlom > *sextlom > *sketlom, which would account for the odd position of the *e and apparent zero-grade root for a *-tlom noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*skʷetlom n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skʷetl"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/skʷetlom",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"story, tale"
],
"id": "en-skʷetlom-cel-pro-noun-0xnU5tA-",
"links": [
[
"story",
"story"
],
[
"tale",
"tale"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "skʷetlom"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*hwedl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwedl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *hwedl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "quehezl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Breton: quehezl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Breton: quehezl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "whethel"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: whethel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: whethel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "chwedyl",
"3": "chuetil",
"4": "chuedyl"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: chwedyl, chuetil, chuedyl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: chwedyl, chuetil, chuedyl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "chwedl"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: chwedl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: chwedl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "scél"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: scél\nIrish: scéal\nManx: skeeal\nScottish Gaelic: sgeul",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: scél\nIrish: scéal\nManx: skeeal\nScottish Gaelic: sgeul"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "say",
"t": "to say"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A simple derivation from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”) seems obvious, but the labiovelar seems to have lost its labialization in Brittonic; otherwise a p would have appeared. There are many ways to account for the delabialization:\n* Schrijver presumes delabialization in this word happened at the Proto-Celtic level, yielding *sketlom.\n* Matasović thinks a metathesis occurred; his own scenario of *skʷ > *xs- is implausible, since he cannot find a source for the following /w/. One can salvage his metathesis idea by instead positing *sékʷtlom > *sextlom > *sketlom, which would account for the odd position of the *e and apparent zero-grade root for a *-tlom noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "skʷetlūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*skʷetlom n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skʷetl"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/skʷetlom",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"story, tale"
],
"links": [
[
"story",
"story"
],
[
"tale",
"tale"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "skʷetlom"
}
Download raw JSONL data for skʷetlom meaning in Proto-Celtic (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.