See mā in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "ma"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: ma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "ma",
"3": "mar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: ma, mar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: ma, mar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "mar"
},
"expansion": "Breton: mar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: mar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "mar"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: mar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: mar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "má"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: má\nIrish: má\nManx: my\nScottish Gaelic: ma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: má\nIrish: má\nManx: my\nScottish Gaelic: ma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒈠𒀀𒀭",
"t": "like; how; if; when",
"tr": "ma-a-an",
"ts": "mān"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒈠𒀀𒀭 (ma-a-an /mān/, “like; how; if; when”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "mänt",
"t": "how?"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A mänt (“how?”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "mant",
"t": "so"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B mant (“so”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μήν",
"t": "surely, truly"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “surely, truly”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *mós and related to Hittite 𒈠𒀀𒀭 (ma-a-an /mān/, “like; how; if; when”), Tocharian A mänt (“how?”) and Tocharian B mant (“so”). Alternatively, Matasović compares Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “surely, truly”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "*mā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/mā",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"if"
],
"id": "en-mā-cel-pro-conj-k19oMZ1P",
"links": [
[
"if",
"if"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "mā"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "ma"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: ma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: ma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "ma",
"3": "mar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: ma, mar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: ma, mar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "mar"
},
"expansion": "Breton: mar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: mar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "mar"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: mar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: mar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "má"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: má\nIrish: má\nManx: my\nScottish Gaelic: ma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: má\nIrish: má\nManx: my\nScottish Gaelic: ma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒈠𒀀𒀭",
"t": "like; how; if; when",
"tr": "ma-a-an",
"ts": "mān"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒈠𒀀𒀭 (ma-a-an /mān/, “like; how; if; when”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "mänt",
"t": "how?"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A mänt (“how?”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "mant",
"t": "so"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B mant (“so”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μήν",
"t": "surely, truly"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “surely, truly”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *mós and related to Hittite 𒈠𒀀𒀭 (ma-a-an /mān/, “like; how; if; when”), Tocharian A mänt (“how?”) and Tocharian B mant (“so”). Alternatively, Matasović compares Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “surely, truly”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "*mā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/mā",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic conjunctions",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"if"
],
"links": [
[
"if",
"if"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "mā"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mā meaning in Proto-Celtic (2.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.