See lexstus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*lles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *lles",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *lles"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "les"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: les",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: les"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "les"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: les",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: les"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "lles"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: lles",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: lles"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "lles"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: lles",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: lles"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "less"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: less, les\nIrish: leas\nManx: lhiass\nScottish Gaelic: leas",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: less, les\nIrish: leas\nManx: lhiass\nScottish Gaelic: leas"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂lék-s-tus",
"t": "protection"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lék-s-tus (“protection”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*plodъ",
"t": "fruit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived by Irslinger from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lék-s-tus (“protection”), from the root *h₂lek- (“to protect”).\nAn old etymology suggested by Stokes and followed by Pedersen derives the Celtic words from what is now reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”), similar to Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”). However, the advent of laryngeal theory makes this etymology impossible, and Irslinger criticizes this derivation for having an unclear suffixation process.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstowes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstuns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstowom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*lexstus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lexst"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/lexstus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"benefit, advantage"
],
"id": "en-lexstus-cel-pro-noun-Bt1cIC0-",
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
],
[
"advantage",
"advantage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lexstus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*lles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *lles",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *lles"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "les"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: les",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: les"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "les"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: les",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: les"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "lles"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: lles",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: lles"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "lles"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: lles",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: lles"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "less"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: less, les\nIrish: leas\nManx: lhiass\nScottish Gaelic: leas",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: less, les\nIrish: leas\nManx: lhiass\nScottish Gaelic: leas"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂lék-s-tus",
"t": "protection"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lék-s-tus (“protection”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-",
"t": "to fill"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*plodъ",
"t": "fruit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived by Irslinger from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lék-s-tus (“protection”), from the root *h₂lek- (“to protect”).\nAn old etymology suggested by Stokes and followed by Pedersen derives the Celtic words from what is now reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”), similar to Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”). However, the advent of laryngeal theory makes this etymology impossible, and Irslinger criticizes this derivation for having an unclear suffixation process.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstowes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstuns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstowom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "lexstubis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*lexstus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lexst"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/lexstus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic u-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"benefit, advantage"
],
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
],
[
"advantage",
"advantage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lexstus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lexstus meaning in Proto-Celtic (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.