See kuwannos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kuwann",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kuwann f\nOld Breton: couann, couhann\nMiddle Breton: couhenn, caouënn\nBreton: kaouenn\n→ Cornish: cowan\nEarly Vannetais Breton: cohan [1732 CE]\nVannetais Breton: kohann\nMiddle Welsh: cuan",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kuwann f\nOld Breton: couann, couhann\nMiddle Breton: couhenn, caouënn\nBreton: kaouenn\n→ Cornish: cowan\nEarly Vannetais Breton: cohan [1732 CE]\nVannetais Breton: kohann\nMiddle Welsh: cuan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*cauannos"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *cauannos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *cauannos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Cauanos"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Cauanos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "personal name"
},
"expansion": "(personal name)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Cauanos (personal name)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "cavannus",
"bor": "1",
"t": "tawny owl"
},
"expansion": "→ Late Latin: cavannus (“tawny owl”)\nOld French: chavan\nMiddle French: chavan\nAngevin: chahon, chohon, chéhon, choin\nBerrichon: chavon\nNorman: cahouain (Jèrriais)\nPicard: cavan\nPoitevin: chaon\nSaintongeais: chavan\nOld Occitan: chavan, chauana\nOccitan: chavant, chavancou\nZarphatic Old French: javan\nFrench: chat-huant",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Late Latin: cavannus (“tawny owl”)\nOld French: chavan\nMiddle French: chavan\nAngevin: chahon, chohon, chéhon, choin\nBerrichon: chavon\nNorman: cahouain (Jèrriais)\nPicard: cavan\nPoitevin: chaon\nSaintongeais: chavan\nOld Occitan: chavan, chauana\nOccitan: chavant, chavancou\nZarphatic Old French: javan\nFrench: chat-huant"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*cawa",
"alt": "*cava",
"noalts": "1",
"sml": "1",
"t": "owl"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cava (“owl”) (semantic loan)\nDirect reflexes:\nOld French: choe, choue, chave\nMiddle French: choe, choue\n→ Galician: choia\n→ Spanish: chova; choya (dialectal)\nOld Occitan: cau\nPicard: caue, cave\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawesca (diminutive)\nGallo-Romance:\nBourbonnais-Berrichon: chuèche\nOld French:\nMiddle French: chevece, chevoiche, chavoce\nFrench: chevêche\n→ Romanian: ciovică (Wallachian)\nOccitano-Romance:\nCatalan: cauèca, cavèca\nOld Occitan: cavesca\nOccitan: cavèca (several dialects)\nGascon: chavèca, gavèca, bavèca\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawetta (diminutive, likely influenced by an archaic form of Italian zibetto (“cat-like animal”))\nDalmatian:\ncivet\nItalo-Romance:\nItalian: civetta, ciovetta (dialectal)\nNorth Italian:\nFriulian: civuite\nRomansch: tschuetta\nVenetan: zovetta\nGallo-Romance:\nOld French: *chouette, *chavette, suete, suette, çuete\nMiddle French: chouete, chüette, chouette\nFrench: chouette\nNorman: cahouette\nPicard: cavette\nOccitano-Romance:\nVivaro-Alpine: civeta",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cava (“owl”) (semantic loan)\nDirect reflexes:\nOld French: choe, choue, chave\nMiddle French: choe, choue\n→ Galician: choia\n→ Spanish: chova; choya (dialectal)\nOld Occitan: cau\nPicard: caue, cave\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawesca (diminutive)\nGallo-Romance:\nBourbonnais-Berrichon: chuèche\nOld French:\nMiddle French: chevece, chevoiche, chavoce\nFrench: chevêche\n→ Romanian: ciovică (Wallachian)\nOccitano-Romance:\nCatalan: cauèca, cavèca\nOld Occitan: cavesca\nOccitan: cavèca (several dialects)\nGascon: chavèca, gavèca, bavèca\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawetta (diminutive, likely influenced by an archaic form of Italian zibetto (“cat-like animal”))\nDalmatian:\ncivet\nItalo-Romance:\nItalian: civetta, ciovetta (dialectal)\nNorth Italian:\nFriulian: civuite\nRomansch: tschuetta\nVenetan: zovetta\nGallo-Romance:\nOld French: *chouette, *chavette, suete, suette, çuete\nMiddle French: chouete, chüette, chouette\nFrench: chouette\nNorman: cahouette\nPicard: cavette\nOccitano-Romance:\nVivaro-Alpine: civeta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hūō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hūō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sovà"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *sovà",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably imitative in origin. While formally similar to Proto-West Germanic *hūō and Proto-Slavic *sovà, regular derivation of these terms from a common root appears to be phonologically impossible.\nAlthough often reconstructed as *kawannos on the evidence of the Latin borrowing, this cannot explain the Brythonic reflexes, which can only reflect *kuwann-. Schrijver suggests that -av- in the Latin borrowings may represent the adaption of a Gaulish sound sequence foreign to Latin phonology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannoms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannūi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannobom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannobos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannobim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannūis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kuwannos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kuwann"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kuwannos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"owl"
],
"id": "en-kuwannos-cel-pro-noun-EPcSe5gL",
"links": [
[
"owl",
"owl"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "kuwannos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kuwann",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kuwann f\nOld Breton: couann, couhann\nMiddle Breton: couhenn, caouënn\nBreton: kaouenn\n→ Cornish: cowan\nEarly Vannetais Breton: cohan [1732 CE]\nVannetais Breton: kohann\nMiddle Welsh: cuan",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kuwann f\nOld Breton: couann, couhann\nMiddle Breton: couhenn, caouënn\nBreton: kaouenn\n→ Cornish: cowan\nEarly Vannetais Breton: cohan [1732 CE]\nVannetais Breton: kohann\nMiddle Welsh: cuan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*cauannos"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *cauannos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *cauannos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Cauanos"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Cauanos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "personal name"
},
"expansion": "(personal name)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Cauanos (personal name)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "cavannus",
"bor": "1",
"t": "tawny owl"
},
"expansion": "→ Late Latin: cavannus (“tawny owl”)\nOld French: chavan\nMiddle French: chavan\nAngevin: chahon, chohon, chéhon, choin\nBerrichon: chavon\nNorman: cahouain (Jèrriais)\nPicard: cavan\nPoitevin: chaon\nSaintongeais: chavan\nOld Occitan: chavan, chauana\nOccitan: chavant, chavancou\nZarphatic Old French: javan\nFrench: chat-huant",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Late Latin: cavannus (“tawny owl”)\nOld French: chavan\nMiddle French: chavan\nAngevin: chahon, chohon, chéhon, choin\nBerrichon: chavon\nNorman: cahouain (Jèrriais)\nPicard: cavan\nPoitevin: chaon\nSaintongeais: chavan\nOld Occitan: chavan, chauana\nOccitan: chavant, chavancou\nZarphatic Old French: javan\nFrench: chat-huant"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*cawa",
"alt": "*cava",
"noalts": "1",
"sml": "1",
"t": "owl"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cava (“owl”) (semantic loan)\nDirect reflexes:\nOld French: choe, choue, chave\nMiddle French: choe, choue\n→ Galician: choia\n→ Spanish: chova; choya (dialectal)\nOld Occitan: cau\nPicard: caue, cave\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawesca (diminutive)\nGallo-Romance:\nBourbonnais-Berrichon: chuèche\nOld French:\nMiddle French: chevece, chevoiche, chavoce\nFrench: chevêche\n→ Romanian: ciovică (Wallachian)\nOccitano-Romance:\nCatalan: cauèca, cavèca\nOld Occitan: cavesca\nOccitan: cavèca (several dialects)\nGascon: chavèca, gavèca, bavèca\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawetta (diminutive, likely influenced by an archaic form of Italian zibetto (“cat-like animal”))\nDalmatian:\ncivet\nItalo-Romance:\nItalian: civetta, ciovetta (dialectal)\nNorth Italian:\nFriulian: civuite\nRomansch: tschuetta\nVenetan: zovetta\nGallo-Romance:\nOld French: *chouette, *chavette, suete, suette, çuete\nMiddle French: chouete, chüette, chouette\nFrench: chouette\nNorman: cahouette\nPicard: cavette\nOccitano-Romance:\nVivaro-Alpine: civeta",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cava (“owl”) (semantic loan)\nDirect reflexes:\nOld French: choe, choue, chave\nMiddle French: choe, choue\n→ Galician: choia\n→ Spanish: chova; choya (dialectal)\nOld Occitan: cau\nPicard: caue, cave\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawesca (diminutive)\nGallo-Romance:\nBourbonnais-Berrichon: chuèche\nOld French:\nMiddle French: chevece, chevoiche, chavoce\nFrench: chevêche\n→ Romanian: ciovică (Wallachian)\nOccitano-Romance:\nCatalan: cauèca, cavèca\nOld Occitan: cavesca\nOccitan: cavèca (several dialects)\nGascon: chavèca, gavèca, bavèca\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawetta (diminutive, likely influenced by an archaic form of Italian zibetto (“cat-like animal”))\nDalmatian:\ncivet\nItalo-Romance:\nItalian: civetta, ciovetta (dialectal)\nNorth Italian:\nFriulian: civuite\nRomansch: tschuetta\nVenetan: zovetta\nGallo-Romance:\nOld French: *chouette, *chavette, suete, suette, çuete\nMiddle French: chouete, chüette, chouette\nFrench: chouette\nNorman: cahouette\nPicard: cavette\nOccitano-Romance:\nVivaro-Alpine: civeta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hūō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hūō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sovà"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *sovà",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably imitative in origin. While formally similar to Proto-West Germanic *hūō and Proto-Slavic *sovà, regular derivation of these terms from a common root appears to be phonologically impossible.\nAlthough often reconstructed as *kawannos on the evidence of the Latin borrowing, this cannot explain the Brythonic reflexes, which can only reflect *kuwann-. Schrijver suggests that -av- in the Latin borrowings may represent the adaption of a Gaulish sound sequence foreign to Latin phonology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannoms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannūi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannobom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannobos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannobim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kuwannūis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kuwannos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kuwann"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kuwannos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic onomatopoeias",
"cel-pro:Birds"
],
"glosses": [
"owl"
],
"links": [
[
"owl",
"owl"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "kuwannos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kuwannos meaning in Proto-Celtic (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.