See krokeno- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*krogen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *krogen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *krogen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "croguenn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: croguenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: croguenn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "krogenn",
"t": "shell"
},
"expansion": "Breton: krogenn (“shell”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: krogenn (“shell”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "crogen"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: crogen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: crogen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cragen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cragen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cragen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crogen",
"3": "cragen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: crogen, cragen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: crogen, cragen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "creachann",
"t": "scallop"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: creachann (“scallop”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: creachann (“scallop”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hreganą",
"t": "to jut out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hreganą (“to jut out”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrugnaz",
"t": "roe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*karrikā",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *karrikā (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carreg"
},
"expansion": "Welsh carreg",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; any etymology for this is highly speculative. Possible (mutually exclusive) comparanda include:\n* Proto-Germanic *hreganą (“to jut out”)\n* Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”) (ruled \"less likely\" by Stifter)\n* Proto-Celtic *karrikā (“stone”), whence Welsh carreg (ruled \"less likely\" by Stifter)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krokeno- gender unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "g!",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*krokeno- gender unattested",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kroken"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kroken"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/krokeno-",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shell"
],
"id": "en-krokeno--cel-pro-noun-zmNcTqv~",
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shellfish"
],
"id": "en-krokeno--cel-pro-noun-8u~J2QnN",
"links": [
[
"shellfish",
"shellfish"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "krokeno-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*krogen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *krogen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *krogen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "croguenn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: croguenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: croguenn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "krogenn",
"t": "shell"
},
"expansion": "Breton: krogenn (“shell”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: krogenn (“shell”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "crogen"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: crogen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: crogen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cragen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cragen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cragen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crogen",
"3": "cragen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: crogen, cragen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: crogen, cragen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "creachann",
"t": "scallop"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: creachann (“scallop”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: creachann (“scallop”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hreganą",
"t": "to jut out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hreganą (“to jut out”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrugnaz",
"t": "roe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*karrikā",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *karrikā (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carreg"
},
"expansion": "Welsh carreg",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; any etymology for this is highly speculative. Possible (mutually exclusive) comparanda include:\n* Proto-Germanic *hreganą (“to jut out”)\n* Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”) (ruled \"less likely\" by Stifter)\n* Proto-Celtic *karrikā (“stone”), whence Welsh carreg (ruled \"less likely\" by Stifter)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krokeno- gender unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krokenūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "g!",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*krokeno- gender unattested",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kroken"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kroken"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/krokeno-",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shell"
],
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shellfish"
],
"links": [
[
"shellfish",
"shellfish"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "krokeno-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krokeno- meaning in Proto-Celtic (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.