See kambos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kambos meaning in Proto-Celtic (8.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kam"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "camm"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: camm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: camm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "kamm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: kamm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: kamm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kamm"
},
"expansion": "Breton: kamm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: kamm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kamm"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: kamm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: kamm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "cam",
"t": "evil, wrong"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: cam (“evil, wrong”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: cam (“evil, wrong”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cam"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cam"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: kam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "camm"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: camm, cam\nIrish: cam\nManx: cam\nScottish Gaelic: cam",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: camm, cam\nIrish: cam\nManx: cam\nScottish Gaelic: cam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Cambo",
"3": "Καμβοδουνον"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Cambo, Καμβοδουνον",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Cambo, Καμβοδουνον"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Campodūnum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: Campodūnum\nMedieval Latin: Campidona\n→ Middle High German: Kemptun\nGerman: Kempten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: Campodūnum\nMedieval Latin: Campidona\n→ Middle High German: Kemptun\nGerman: Kempten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "camus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: camus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: camus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "camus"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: camus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: camus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camus"
},
"expansion": "French: camus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: camus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "camus",
"3": "camuse",
"4": "cammus",
"5": "cammuse",
"6": "camois",
"7": "camoise",
"8": "camoyse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: camus, camuse, cammus, cammuse, camois, camoise, camoyse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: camus, camuse, cammus, cammuse, camois, camoise, camoyse"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "camous",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "English: camous, camoys",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: camous, camoys"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hispano-Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "camba",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: camba",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "canga",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ canga",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cambela",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "cambela",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cambar",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "cambar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: camba; ⇒ canga, cambela, cambar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)ḱh₂embos",
"t": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos (“crooked”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκαμβός",
"t": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos (“crooked”), probably from the same substrate source as *kh₂em- (“to arch”). Compare Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "O/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kambos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamboi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamboi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamboms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kambams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kambos",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kamb"
},
"name": "cel-decl-adj-o+a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kambos",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"twisted, crooked, bent"
],
"id": "en-kambos-cel-pro-adj--aDlSBkI",
"links": [
[
"twisted",
"twisted"
],
[
"crooked",
"crooked"
],
[
"bent",
"bent"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "kambos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kam"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "camm"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: camm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: camm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "kamm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: kamm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: kamm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kamm"
},
"expansion": "Breton: kamm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: kamm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kamm"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: kamm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: kamm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "cam",
"t": "evil, wrong"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: cam (“evil, wrong”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: cam (“evil, wrong”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cam"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cam"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: kam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: kam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "camm"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: camm, cam\nIrish: cam\nManx: cam\nScottish Gaelic: cam",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: camm, cam\nIrish: cam\nManx: cam\nScottish Gaelic: cam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Cambo",
"3": "Καμβοδουνον"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Cambo, Καμβοδουνον",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Cambo, Καμβοδουνον"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Campodūnum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: Campodūnum\nMedieval Latin: Campidona\n→ Middle High German: Kemptun\nGerman: Kempten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: Campodūnum\nMedieval Latin: Campidona\n→ Middle High German: Kemptun\nGerman: Kempten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "camus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: camus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: camus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "camus"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: camus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: camus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camus"
},
"expansion": "French: camus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: camus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "camus",
"3": "camuse",
"4": "cammus",
"5": "cammuse",
"6": "camois",
"7": "camoise",
"8": "camoyse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: camus, camuse, cammus, cammuse, camois, camoise, camoyse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: camus, camuse, cammus, cammuse, camois, camoise, camoyse"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "camous",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "English: camous, camoys",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: camous, camoys"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hispano-Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "camba",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: camba",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "canga",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ canga",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cambela",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "cambela",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cambar",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "cambar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: camba; ⇒ canga, cambela, cambar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)ḱh₂embos",
"t": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos (“crooked”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκαμβός",
"t": "crooked"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂embos (“crooked”), probably from the same substrate source as *kh₂em- (“to arch”). Compare Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "O/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kambos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamboi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamboi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamboms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kambobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kambams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kambābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kambom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kambā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kambos",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kamb"
},
"name": "cel-decl-adj-o+a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kambos",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Celtic adjectives",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic o/ā-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"twisted, crooked, bent"
],
"links": [
[
"twisted",
"twisted"
],
[
"crooked",
"crooked"
],
[
"bent",
"bent"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "kambos"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.