See gnūstis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*gnis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *gnis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *gnis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "gnis",
"qq": "hapax"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: gnis (hapax)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: gnis (hapax)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gnúis"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: gnúis\nIrish: gnúis\nScottish Gaelic: gnùis\nManx: grooish",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: gnúis\nIrish: gnúis\nScottish Gaelic: gnùis\nManx: grooish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵénus",
"t": "jaw, chin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw, chin”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually explained as a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw, chin”), but the exact derivation process is obscure, especially for the long *ū in this word. Zair speculates that it may have arisen from the old neuter plural ending *-u-h₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-i-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine/feminine i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūsti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstins",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūsteis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstyow",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstyom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*gnūstis f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gnūst"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-i-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gnūstis",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"face"
],
"id": "en-gnūstis-cel-pro-noun-AoLZt59C",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*enīkʷom"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gnūstis"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*gnis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *gnis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *gnis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "gnis",
"qq": "hapax"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: gnis (hapax)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: gnis (hapax)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gnúis"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: gnúis\nIrish: gnúis\nScottish Gaelic: gnùis\nManx: grooish",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: gnúis\nIrish: gnúis\nScottish Gaelic: gnùis\nManx: grooish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵénus",
"t": "jaw, chin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw, chin”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually explained as a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw, chin”), but the exact derivation process is obscure, especially for the long *ū in this word. Zair speculates that it may have arisen from the old neuter plural ending *-u-h₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-i-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine/feminine i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūsti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstins",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūsteis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstyow",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstyom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gnūstibis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*gnūstis f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gnūst"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-i-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gnūstis",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"cel-pro:Face"
],
"glosses": [
"face"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*enīkʷom"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gnūstis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gnūstis meaning in Proto-Celtic (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.