See galarom in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*galar",
"t": "grief, sorrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *galar (“grief, sorrow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *galar (“grief, sorrow”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "glachar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: glachar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: glachar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "glacʼhar"
},
"expansion": "Breton: glacʼhar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: glacʼhar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: galar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: galar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: galar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "galar",
"t": "disease, pain"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: galar (“disease, pain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: galar (“disease, pain”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: galar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Irish: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: galar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: galar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰelH-ro-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒆗𒆷𒅈",
"t": "evil, unpleasant, unhealthy; inauspicious; enormous",
"tr": "kal-la-ar",
"ts": "kallar-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒆗𒆷𒅈 (kal-la-ar /kallar-/, “evil, unpleasant, unhealthy; inauspicious; enormous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gealla",
"t": "gall"
},
"expansion": "Old English gealla (“gall”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žalà",
"t": "damage"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian žalà (“damage”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-, cognate to Hittite 𒆗𒆷𒅈 (kal-la-ar /kallar-/, “evil, unpleasant, unhealthy; inauspicious; enormous”), and possibly also Old English gealla (“gall”) and Lithuanian žalà (“damage”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "galarā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "galarobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "galarūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*galarom n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "galar"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/galarom",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"disease, illness"
],
"id": "en-galarom-cel-pro-noun-SnUn82mu",
"links": [
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"illness",
"illness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"(Goidelic) disease, illness"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"grief, sorrow"
],
"id": "en-galarom-cel-pro-noun-lzZ2WgQD",
"links": [
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"(Brittonic) grief, sorrow"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "galarom"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*galar",
"t": "grief, sorrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *galar (“grief, sorrow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *galar (“grief, sorrow”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "glachar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: glachar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: glachar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "glacʼhar"
},
"expansion": "Breton: glacʼhar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: glacʼhar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: galar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: galar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: galar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "galar",
"t": "disease, pain"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: galar (“disease, pain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: galar (“disease, pain”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: galar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Irish: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: galar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "galar"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: galar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: galar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰelH-ro-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒆗𒆷𒅈",
"t": "evil, unpleasant, unhealthy; inauspicious; enormous",
"tr": "kal-la-ar",
"ts": "kallar-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒆗𒆷𒅈 (kal-la-ar /kallar-/, “evil, unpleasant, unhealthy; inauspicious; enormous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gealla",
"t": "gall"
},
"expansion": "Old English gealla (“gall”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "žalà",
"t": "damage"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian žalà (“damage”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-, cognate to Hittite 𒆗𒆷𒅈 (kal-la-ar /kallar-/, “evil, unpleasant, unhealthy; inauspicious; enormous”), and possibly also Old English gealla (“gall”) and Lithuanian žalà (“damage”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "galarā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "galarom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "galarobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "galarū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "galarobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "galarūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*galarom n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "galar"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/galarom",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"disease, illness"
],
"links": [
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"illness",
"illness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"(Goidelic) disease, illness"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"grief, sorrow"
],
"links": [
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"a distressing or painful condition, such as:",
"(Brittonic) grief, sorrow"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "galarom"
}
Download raw JSONL data for galarom meaning in Proto-Celtic (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.