See aros in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for aros meaning in Proto-Celtic (4.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*ar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *ar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: ar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-o-",
"t": "ploughing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-o- (“ploughing”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*ara"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *ara",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arvum",
"t": "ploughed land"
},
"expansion": "Latin arvum (“ploughed land”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄρουρα",
"t": "sowing-land"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄρουρα (ároura, “sowing-land”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उर्वरा",
"t": "field yielding crop"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit उर्वरा (urvarā, “field yielding crop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*aryeti",
"t": "to plough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *aryeti (“to plough”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-o- (“ploughing”), from *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”). Cognate with Proto-Italic *ara, *owom (compare Latin arvum (“ploughed land”)), Ancient Greek ἄρουρα (ároura, “sowing-land”), Sanskrit उर्वरा (urvarā, “field yielding crop”). Related to Proto-Celtic *aryeti (“to plough”), *arawar (“cereal, grain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aroi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "are",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aroms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arūi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arobom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arobos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arobim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arūis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*aros m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/aros",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ploughing, ploughed land"
],
"id": "en-aros-cel-pro-noun-bP8bPhMV",
"links": [
[
"ploughing",
"ploughing"
],
[
"ploughed",
"ploughed"
],
[
"land",
"land"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "aros"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*ar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *ar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: ar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-o-",
"t": "ploughing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-o- (“ploughing”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*ara"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *ara",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arvum",
"t": "ploughed land"
},
"expansion": "Latin arvum (“ploughed land”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄρουρα",
"t": "sowing-land"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄρουρα (ároura, “sowing-land”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उर्वरा",
"t": "field yielding crop"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit उर्वरा (urvarā, “field yielding crop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*aryeti",
"t": "to plough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *aryeti (“to plough”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-o- (“ploughing”), from *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”). Cognate with Proto-Italic *ara, *owom (compare Latin arvum (“ploughed land”)), Ancient Greek ἄρουρα (ároura, “sowing-land”), Sanskrit उर्वरा (urvarā, “field yielding crop”). Related to Proto-Celtic *aryeti (“to plough”), *arawar (“cereal, grain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aroi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "are",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aroms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arūi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arobom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arobos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arobim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arūis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*aros m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/aros",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"cel-pro:Agriculture"
],
"glosses": [
"ploughing, ploughed land"
],
"links": [
[
"ploughing",
"ploughing"
],
[
"ploughed",
"ploughed"
],
[
"land",
"land"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "aros"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.