See ɸrostos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*rros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *rros\nMiddle Breton: ros\nCornish: ros\nMiddle Welsh: ros\nWelsh: rhos",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *rros\nMiddle Breton: ros\nCornish: ros\nMiddle Welsh: ros\nWelsh: rhos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ros"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ros\nIrish: ros (“wood”)\nScottish Gaelic: ros (“promontory”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ros\nIrish: ros (“wood”)\nScottish Gaelic: ros (“promontory”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pró-sth₂-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pró-sth₂-os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रस्थ",
"3": "",
"4": "plateau"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रस्थ (prastha, “plateau”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pró-sth₂-os, a derivative of *steh₂- (“to stand”), the overall semantics being \"something standing ahead\". The same construction as Sanskrit प्रस्थ (prastha, “plateau”), but probably coined separately in the two languages.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸroste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*ɸrostos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ɸrost"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸrostos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"a wooded height or promontory"
],
"id": "en-ɸrostos-cel-pro-noun-jbnMgMJV",
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"promontory",
"promontory"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"moor"
],
"id": "en-ɸrostos-cel-pro-noun-MPcKHri5",
"links": [
[
"moor",
"moor"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"hill"
],
"id": "en-ɸrostos-cel-pro-noun-lvRondw7",
"links": [
[
"wooded",
"wooded"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
]
],
"qualifier": "wooded",
"raw_glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"(wooded) hill"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "ɸrostos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"cel-pro:Geography",
"cel-pro:Landforms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*rros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *rros\nMiddle Breton: ros\nCornish: ros\nMiddle Welsh: ros\nWelsh: rhos",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *rros\nMiddle Breton: ros\nCornish: ros\nMiddle Welsh: ros\nWelsh: rhos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ros"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ros\nIrish: ros (“wood”)\nScottish Gaelic: ros (“promontory”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ros\nIrish: ros (“wood”)\nScottish Gaelic: ros (“promontory”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pró-sth₂-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pró-sth₂-os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रस्थ",
"3": "",
"4": "plateau"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रस्थ (prastha, “plateau”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pró-sth₂-os, a derivative of *steh₂- (“to stand”), the overall semantics being \"something standing ahead\". The same construction as Sanskrit प्रस्थ (prastha, “plateau”), but probably coined separately in the two languages.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸroste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ɸrostūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*ɸrostos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ɸrost"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸrostos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"a wooded height or promontory"
],
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"promontory",
"promontory"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"moor"
],
"links": [
[
"moor",
"moor"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"hill"
],
"links": [
[
"wooded",
"wooded"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
]
],
"qualifier": "wooded",
"raw_glosses": [
"Noun used in the daughter languages to refer to various protruding natural landforms, including:",
"(wooded) hill"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "ɸrostos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ɸrostos meaning in Proto-Celtic (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.