"węzeł" meaning in Polish

See węzeł in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈvɛw̃.zɛw/
Rhymes: -ɛw̃zɛw Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish węzeł, from Proto-Slavic *ǫzlъ. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|węzeł|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish węzeł, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|węzeł}} Inherited from Old Polish węzeł, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*ǫzlъ}} Proto-Slavic *ǫzlъ Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in|dim=węzełek}} węzeł m inan (diminutive węzełek) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-in}} Forms: węzełek [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], węzeł [nominative, singular], węzły [nominative, plural], węzła [genitive, singular], węzłów [genitive, plural], węzłowi [dative, singular], węzłom [dative, plural], węzeł [accusative, singular], węzły [accusative, plural], węzłem [instrumental, singular], węzłami [instrumental, plural], węźle [locative, singular], węzłach [locative, plural], węźle [singular, vocative], węzły [plural, vocative]
  1. knot (looping) Tags: inanimate, masculine Categories (topical): Knots
    Sense id: en-węzeł-pl-noun-oKOcaBnH Disambiguation of Knots: 45 5 10 18 23
  2. bond between people Tags: inanimate, masculine
    Sense id: en-węzeł-pl-noun-FzvOYxyA Categories (other): Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 4 18 9 33 36 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 3 23 8 35 31 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 3 22 8 33 35
  3. substation or intersection, a connection point of infrastructure such as roads, electrical networks, etc. Tags: inanimate, masculine
    Sense id: en-węzeł-pl-noun-mXuAXgJT
  4. (graph theory) vertex, node Tags: inanimate, masculine Categories (topical): Graph theory
    Sense id: en-węzeł-pl-noun-douz7I6g Categories (other): Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 4 18 9 33 36 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 3 23 8 35 31 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 3 22 8 33 35 Topics: graph-theory, mathematics, sciences
  5. (botany) node (point on a stem from which a leaf or another stem grows) Tags: inanimate, masculine Categories (topical): Botany
    Sense id: en-węzeł-pl-noun-9Fq-oL-X Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks, Polish terms with prothetic w- Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 9 8 18 27 38 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 9 10 9 15 56 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 4 17 14 29 37 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 4 18 9 33 36 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 3 23 8 35 31 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 3 22 8 33 35 Disambiguation of Polish terms with prothetic w-: 8 22 9 24 38 Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: węzełkowy, węzłowaty, węzłowy, węźlasty, międzywęźle, węzeł baryłkowy, węzeł gordyjski

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "węzełkowy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "węzłowaty"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "węzłowy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "węźlasty"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "międzywęźle"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "węzeł baryłkowy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "węzeł gordyjski"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "ве́нзель",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Belarusian: ве́нзель (vjénzjelʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Belarusian: ве́нзель (vjénzjelʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "ве́нзель",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ве́нзель",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ukrainian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "węzeł",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish węzeł",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "węzeł"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish węzeł",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*ǫzlъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ǫzlъ",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish węzeł, from Proto-Slavic *ǫzlъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "węzełek",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzeł",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzeł",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węźle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węźle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in",
        "dim": "węzełek"
      },
      "expansion": "węzeł m inan (diminutive węzełek)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wę‧zeł"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 5 10 18 23",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Knots",
          "orig": "pl:Knots",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "knot (looping)"
      ],
      "id": "en-węzeł-pl-noun-oKOcaBnH",
      "links": [
        [
          "knot",
          "knot"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 18 9 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 8 35 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 22 8 33 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "...the breaking of long-standing, tried-and-tested relationships and bonds...",
          "ref": "1913, Józef Milewski, Elita społeczna, Kraków: Biblioteka Kornicka (distribution), W. L. Anczyc i Spółka (printing), archived from the original on 2022-12-03:",
          "text": "...rozbijanie dawnych, wypróbowanych stosunków i węzłów...",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bond between people"
      ],
      "id": "en-węzeł-pl-noun-FzvOYxyA",
      "links": [
        [
          "bond",
          "bond"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "substation or intersection, a connection point of infrastructure such as roads, electrical networks, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-węzeł-pl-noun-mXuAXgJT",
      "links": [
        [
          "substation",
          "substation"
        ],
        [
          "intersection",
          "intersection"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Graph theory",
          "orig": "pl:Graph theory",
          "parents": [
            "Mathematics",
            "Visualization",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Computing",
            "Interdisciplinary fields",
            "Sciences",
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 18 9 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 8 35 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 22 8 33 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "vertex, node"
      ],
      "id": "en-węzeł-pl-noun-douz7I6g",
      "links": [
        [
          "graph theory",
          "graph theory"
        ],
        [
          "vertex",
          "vertex"
        ],
        [
          "node",
          "node"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(graph theory) vertex, node"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "graph-theory",
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Botany",
          "orig": "pl:Botany",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 18 27 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 10 9 15 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 17 14 29 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 18 9 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 8 35 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 22 8 33 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 22 9 24 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms with prothetic w-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "node (point on a stem from which a leaf or another stem grows)"
      ],
      "id": "en-węzeł-pl-noun-9Fq-oL-X",
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "node",
          "node"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) node (point on a stem from which a leaf or another stem grows)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɛw̃.zɛw/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛw̃zɛw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "węzeł"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish inanimate nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Polish terms with prothetic w-",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛw̃zɛw",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛw̃zɛw/2 syllables",
    "pl:Knots"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "węzełkowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "węzłowaty"
    },
    {
      "word": "węzłowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "węźlasty"
    },
    {
      "word": "międzywęźle"
    },
    {
      "word": "węzeł baryłkowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "węzeł gordyjski"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "ве́нзель",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Belarusian: ве́нзель (vjénzjelʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Belarusian: ве́нзель (vjénzjelʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "ве́нзель",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ве́нзель",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ukrainian: ве́нзель (vénzelʹ)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "węzeł",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish węzeł",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "węzeł"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish węzeł",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*ǫzlъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ǫzlъ",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish węzeł, from Proto-Slavic *ǫzlъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "węzełek",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzeł",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzeł",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węźle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węźle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "węzły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in",
        "dim": "węzełek"
      },
      "expansion": "węzeł m inan (diminutive węzełek)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wę‧zeł"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "knot (looping)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "knot",
          "knot"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "...the breaking of long-standing, tried-and-tested relationships and bonds...",
          "ref": "1913, Józef Milewski, Elita społeczna, Kraków: Biblioteka Kornicka (distribution), W. L. Anczyc i Spółka (printing), archived from the original on 2022-12-03:",
          "text": "...rozbijanie dawnych, wypróbowanych stosunków i węzłów...",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bond between people"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bond",
          "bond"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "substation or intersection, a connection point of infrastructure such as roads, electrical networks, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "substation",
          "substation"
        ],
        [
          "intersection",
          "intersection"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "pl:Graph theory"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "vertex, node"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "graph theory",
          "graph theory"
        ],
        [
          "vertex",
          "vertex"
        ],
        [
          "node",
          "node"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(graph theory) vertex, node"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "graph-theory",
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "pl:Botany"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "node (point on a stem from which a leaf or another stem grows)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "node",
          "node"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) node (point on a stem from which a leaf or another stem grows)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɛw̃.zɛw/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛw̃zɛw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "węzeł"
}

Download raw JSONL data for węzeł meaning in Polish (5.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.