See sub- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:sub-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-lbor.\nPolish sub-\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*upó\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*supo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"sub-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"sub-\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin sub-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-lbor.\nPolish sub-\nLearned borrowing from Latin sub-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "sub-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sub-"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"sub",
""
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sub- (under, beneath)"
],
"id": "en-sub--pl-prefix-PB24KRUn",
"links": [
[
"sub-",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pod-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sub- (subsidiary, secondary)"
],
"id": "en-sub--pl-prefix-h1pBjBY6",
"links": [
[
"sub-",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pod-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sub- (almost, nearly)"
],
"id": "en-sub--pl-prefix-jIXCduJV",
"links": [
[
"sub-",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pod-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sub/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ub"
}
],
"word": "sub-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *upó",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ub",
"Rhymes:Polish/ub/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:sub-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-lbor.\nPolish sub-\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*upó\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*supo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"sub-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"sub-\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin sub-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-lbor.\nPolish sub-\nLearned borrowing from Latin sub-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "sub-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sub-"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"sub",
""
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sub- (under, beneath)"
],
"links": [
[
"sub-",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pod-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sub- (subsidiary, secondary)"
],
"links": [
[
"sub-",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pod-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sub- (almost, nearly)"
],
"links": [
[
"sub-",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pod-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sub/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ub"
}
],
"word": "sub-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sub- meaning in Polish (2.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.