See studium in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "studia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "studium przypadku"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:studium<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “studium”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Dubisz, Stanisław, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “studium”, in <cite>Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Universal Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish), volumes 1–4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, <small>→ISBN</small>, <small>→OCLC</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “studium”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span>>",
"etydate": "16th century<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “studium”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tew-\nProto-Indo-European *-d-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tewd-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *studéh₁ti\nProto-Italic *studēō\nLatin studeō\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusnom.\nLatin -ium\nLatin studiumlbor.\nPolish studium\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to devote oneself to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*studéh₁ti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to push\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)tew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-d-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)tewd-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*studēō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"studeō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-(i)yós\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"abstract noun suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"studium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"studium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"studium\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin studium. First attested in the 16th century.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "etiuda",
"3": "studia",
"4": "studio"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of etiuda, studia, and studio",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tew-\nProto-Indo-European *-d-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tewd-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *studéh₁ti\nProto-Italic *studēō\nLatin studeō\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusnom.\nLatin -ium\nLatin studiumlbor.\nPolish studium\nLearned borrowing from Latin studium. First attested in the 16th century. Doublet of etiuda, studia, and studio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "studialny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "studyjny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "studia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "studyjum",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "studyum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "studjum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"adj": "studialny,studyjny"
},
"expansion": "studium n (related adjective studialny or studyjny)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"stu‧dium"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"stu‧dium"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 4 4 1 1 2 29 6 1 2 2 10 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 8 4 4 1 1 2 32 5 1 2 2 9 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 10 2 2 1 1 1 38 3 1 1 1 11 12 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 4 4 1 1 4 27 10 1 2 4 8 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 4 4 1 1 2 30 6 1 2 2 10 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 13 4 4 4 9 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 13 4 4 4 9 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 8 4 4 2 10 10 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 9 2 2 3 10 12 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 6 7 4 7 7 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 3 3 2 14 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 4 4 3 9 10 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 6 0 0 0 4 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "pl:Education",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"learned society, learned academy, scholarly society, academic association"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-vYY7CNo1",
"links": [
[
"learned society",
"learned society"
],
[
"learned academy",
"learned academy"
],
[
"scholarly society",
"scholarly society"
],
[
"academic association",
"academic association"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "pl:Sciences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 6 7 4 7 7 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"study (academic publication)"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-MNnEPGy6",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<on what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘on what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘on",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"sciences",
"sciences"
],
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sciences) study (academic publication) [with o (+ locative) ‘on what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "badanie"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"study (meticulous analysis of something)"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-d1EBo1Zi",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":nad(ins)<on what>"
},
"expansion": "[with nad (+ instrumental) ‘on what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"nad",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘on",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"study (meticulous analysis of something) [with nad (+ instrumental) ‘on what’]"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"preparatory work (work that does not have a finished character)"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-TIv2Ar5Z",
"links": [
[
"preparatory work",
"preparatory work"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"study, character study (movie that is analysis of a type of person)"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-k3uPq2uH",
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"character study",
"character study"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Art",
"orig": "pl:Art",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"study (artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique)"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-UvLy0yXZ",
"links": [
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(art) study (artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"art",
"arts"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "pl:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"endgame study"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-GnkK6pxn",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"endgame study",
"endgame study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) endgame study"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "etiuda"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 6 7 4 7 7 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"effort; willingness; zeal"
],
"id": "en-studium-pl-noun-EcrnsLpG",
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"willingness",
"willingness"
],
[
"zeal",
"zeal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) effort; willingness; zeal"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstu.djum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udjum"
}
],
"word": "studium"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish neuter nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Old Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)tew-",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)tewd-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/udjum",
"Rhymes:Polish/udjum/2 syllables",
"pl:Education"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "studia"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "studium przypadku"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:studium<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “studium”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Dubisz, Stanisław, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “studium”, in <cite>Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Universal Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish), volumes 1–4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, <small>→ISBN</small>, <small>→OCLC</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “studium”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span>>",
"etydate": "16th century<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “studium”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tew-\nProto-Indo-European *-d-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tewd-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *studéh₁ti\nProto-Italic *studēō\nLatin studeō\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusnom.\nLatin -ium\nLatin studiumlbor.\nPolish studium\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to devote oneself to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*studéh₁ti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to push\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)tew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-d-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)tewd-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*studēō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"studeō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-(i)yós\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"abstract noun suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"studium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"studium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"studium\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin studium. First attested in the 16th century.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "etiuda",
"3": "studia",
"4": "studio"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of etiuda, studia, and studio",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tew-\nProto-Indo-European *-d-\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tewd-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *studéh₁ti\nProto-Italic *studēō\nLatin studeō\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusnom.\nLatin -ium\nLatin studiumlbor.\nPolish studium\nLearned borrowing from Latin studium. First attested in the 16th century. Doublet of etiuda, studia, and studio.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "studialny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "studyjny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "studium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "studia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "studyjum",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "studyum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "studjum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"adj": "studialny,studyjny"
},
"expansion": "studium n (related adjective studialny or studyjny)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"stu‧dium"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"stu‧dium"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"learned society, learned academy, scholarly society, academic association"
],
"links": [
[
"learned society",
"learned society"
],
[
"learned academy",
"learned academy"
],
[
"scholarly society",
"scholarly society"
],
[
"academic association",
"academic association"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Sciences"
],
"glosses": [
"study (academic publication)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<on what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘on what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘on",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"sciences",
"sciences"
],
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sciences) study (academic publication) [with o (+ locative) ‘on what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "badanie"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"study (meticulous analysis of something)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":nad(ins)<on what>"
},
"expansion": "[with nad (+ instrumental) ‘on what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"nad",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘on",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"study (meticulous analysis of something) [with nad (+ instrumental) ‘on what’]"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"preparatory work (work that does not have a finished character)"
],
"links": [
[
"preparatory work",
"preparatory work"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"study, character study (movie that is analysis of a type of person)"
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"character study",
"character study"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Art"
],
"glosses": [
"study (artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique)"
],
"links": [
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(art) study (artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"art",
"arts"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"endgame study"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"endgame study",
"endgame study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) endgame study"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "etiuda"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"effort; willingness; zeal"
],
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"willingness",
"willingness"
],
[
"zeal",
"zeal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) effort; willingness; zeal"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstu.djum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udjum"
}
],
"word": "studium"
}
Download raw JSONL data for studium meaning in Polish (10.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.