See psina in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "psiniec"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*pьsъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьsъ"
],
[
"*-iHneh",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHneh"
],
[
"*-īˀnāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-īˀnāˀ"
],
[
"*-ina",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ina"
],
[
"*pьsina",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьsina"
],
[
"*pьsina",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьsina"
],
[
"pies",
"pies#Polish"
],
[
"-ina",
"-ina#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*pьsina",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pьsъ\nProto-Indo-European *-iHneh\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-īˀnāˀder.\nProto-Slavic *-ina\nProto-Slavic *pьsina\nPolish psina\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHneh\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-īˀnāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*pьsina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"psina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"psina\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsina.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pies",
"3": "-ina",
"t1": "dog"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, pies (“dog”) + -ina",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pьsъ\nProto-Indo-European *-iHneh\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-īˀnāˀder.\nProto-Slavic *-ina\nProto-Slavic *pьsina\nPolish psina\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsina. By surface analysis, pies (“dog”) + -ina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "psinka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "psina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psinie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psinom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psinę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psiną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psinami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psinie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psinach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "psinka"
},
"expansion": "psina f (diminutive psinka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"psi‧na"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"psi‧na"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "psi",
"2": "n"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 30 17 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "pl:Dogs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"id": "en-psina-pl-noun-zWNX792W",
"links": [
[
"endearing",
"endearing"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(endearing) dog"
],
"tags": [
"endearing",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 28 32 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 44 4 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Meats",
"orig": "pl:Meats",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog meat"
],
"id": "en-psina-pl-noun-ItzTx4Bt",
"links": [
[
"dog meat",
"dog meat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, uncountable) dog meat"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "psinina"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 28 32 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 41 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Scents",
"orig": "pl:Scents",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog smell, smell of a dog"
],
"id": "en-psina-pl-noun-Cr-AHLWG",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) dog smell, smell of a dog"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zapach psi"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 40 1 2 2 10 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 38 1 2 2 15 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 11 13 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 11 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 8 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 16 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 16 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 13 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 9 13 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 28 32 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 19 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 14 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 16 18 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ina",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 44 4 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Meats",
"orig": "pl:Meats",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brazenness, impudence, insolence"
],
"id": "en-psina-pl-noun-CAx9qvwn",
"links": [
[
"brazenness",
"brazenness"
],
[
"impudence",
"impudence"
],
[
"insolence",
"insolence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) brazenness, impudence, insolence"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bezczelność"
},
{
"word": "bezwstyd"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɕi.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ina"
}
],
"word": "psina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ina",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ina",
"Rhymes:Polish/ina/2 syllables",
"pl:Dogs",
"pl:Meats",
"pl:Scents",
"sh:Comedy",
"sh:Dogs"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "psiniec"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*pьsъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьsъ"
],
[
"*-iHneh",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHneh"
],
[
"*-īˀnāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-īˀnāˀ"
],
[
"*-ina",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ina"
],
[
"*pьsina",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьsina"
],
[
"*pьsina",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьsina"
],
[
"pies",
"pies#Polish"
],
[
"-ina",
"-ina#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*pьsina",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pьsъ\nProto-Indo-European *-iHneh\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-īˀnāˀder.\nProto-Slavic *-ina\nProto-Slavic *pьsina\nPolish psina\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHneh\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-īˀnāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*pьsina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"psina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"psina\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsina.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pies",
"3": "-ina",
"t1": "dog"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, pies (“dog”) + -ina",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pьsъ\nProto-Indo-European *-iHneh\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-īˀnāˀder.\nProto-Slavic *-ina\nProto-Slavic *pьsina\nPolish psina\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsina. By surface analysis, pies (“dog”) + -ina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "psinka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "psina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psinie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psinom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psinę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psiną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psinami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psinie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psinach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "psino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psiny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "psinka"
},
"expansion": "psina f (diminutive psinka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"psi‧na"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"psi‧na"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "psi",
"2": "n"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish endearing terms"
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"links": [
[
"endearing",
"endearing"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(endearing) dog"
],
"tags": [
"endearing",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with rare senses",
"Polish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"dog meat"
],
"links": [
[
"dog meat",
"dog meat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, uncountable) dog meat"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "psinina"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"dog smell, smell of a dog"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) dog smell, smell of a dog"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zapach psi"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"brazenness, impudence, insolence"
],
"links": [
[
"brazenness",
"brazenness"
],
[
"impudence",
"impudence"
],
[
"insolence",
"insolence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) brazenness, impudence, insolence"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bezczelność"
},
{
"word": "bezwstyd"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɕi.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ina"
}
],
"word": "psina"
}
Download raw JSONL data for psina meaning in Polish (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.