See packa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pac",
"pac#Polish"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti"
],
[
"*-ā́ˀtei",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ā́ˀtei"
],
[
"*-ati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ati#Proto-Slavic:_verbal_suffix"
],
[
"-ać",
"-ać#Old_Polish:_imperfective"
],
[
"-ać",
"-ać#Polish"
],
[
"pacać",
"pacać#Polish"
],
[
"*-né-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-né-#Proto-Indo-European:_nasal_infix"
],
[
"*-nǫti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-nǫti#Proto-Slavic:_verbal"
],
[
"-nąć",
"-nąć#Polish"
],
[
"pacnąć",
"pacnąć#Polish"
],
[
"*-keh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-kāˀ#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ъka",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъka#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Old_Polish:_nominal"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
],
[
"pacnąć",
"pacnąć#Polish"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "pacnąć",
"4": "-ka",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nPolish pac\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *-ati\nOld Polish -ać\nPolish -ać\nPolish pacać\nProto-Indo-European *-né-der.\nProto-Slavic *-nǫti\nPolish -nąć\nPolish pacnąć\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish packa\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ā́ˀtei\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ati\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ać\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pacać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nasal infix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-né-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-nǫti\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nąć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pacnąć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-keh₂\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kāˀ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъka\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"packa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"packa\">\nFrom pacnąć + -ka.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nPolish pac\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *-ati\nOld Polish -ać\nPolish -ać\nPolish pacać\nProto-Indo-European *-né-der.\nProto-Slavic *-nǫti\nPolish -nąć\nPolish pacnąć\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish packa\nFrom pacnąć + -ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "packa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pacek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pacce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pacce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "packa f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pac‧ka"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pac‧ka"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "pl:Tools",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 27 36 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 15 27 36 0 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flyswatter (device for swatting flies)"
],
"id": "en-packa-pl-noun-pO6hJpIE",
"links": [
[
"flyswatter",
"flyswatter"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pacać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pacnąć"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klapka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpat͡s.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ska"
}
],
"word": "packa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pac",
"pac#Polish"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti"
],
[
"*-ā́ˀtei",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ā́ˀtei"
],
[
"*-ati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ati#Proto-Slavic:_verbal_suffix"
],
[
"-ać",
"-ać#Old_Polish:_imperfective"
],
[
"-ać",
"-ać#Polish"
],
[
"pacać",
"pacać#Polish"
],
[
"*-né-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-né-#Proto-Indo-European:_nasal_infix"
],
[
"*-nǫti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-nǫti#Proto-Slavic:_verbal"
],
[
"-nąć",
"-nąć#Polish"
],
[
"pacnąć",
"pacnąć#Polish"
],
[
"*-keh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-kāˀ#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ъka",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъka#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Old_Polish:_nominal"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
],
[
"pacnąć",
"pacnąć#Polish"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "pacnąć",
"4": "-ka",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nPolish pac\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *-ati\nOld Polish -ać\nPolish -ać\nPolish pacać\nProto-Indo-European *-né-der.\nProto-Slavic *-nǫti\nPolish -nąć\nPolish pacnąć\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish packa\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ā́ˀtei\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ati\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ać\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pacać\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nasal infix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-né-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-nǫti\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nąć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pacnąć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-keh₂\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kāˀ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъka\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"packa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"packa\">\nFrom pacnąć + -ka.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nPolish pac\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *-ati\nOld Polish -ać\nPolish -ać\nPolish pacać\nProto-Indo-European *-né-der.\nProto-Slavic *-nǫti\nPolish -nąć\nPolish pacnąć\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish packa\nFrom pacnąć + -ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "packa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pacek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pacce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pacce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "packach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "packo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "packi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "packa f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pac‧ka"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pac‧ka"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pacać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pacnąć"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ska",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ska/2 syllables",
"pl:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"flyswatter (device for swatting flies)"
],
"links": [
[
"flyswatter",
"flyswatter"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klapka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpat͡s.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ska"
}
],
"word": "packa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for packa meaning in Polish (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.