See gołąbek in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gołąbek meaning in Polish (14.4kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gołąb",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "gołąb + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gołąb + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m animal (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 18 9 5 10 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Columbids",
"orig": "pl:Columbids",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "pigeon, dove",
"word": "gołąb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Diminutive of gołąb; pigeon, dove"
],
"id": "en-gołąbek-pl-noun-e-XCyCs6",
"links": [
[
"endearing",
"endearing"
],
[
"gołąb",
"gołąb#Polish"
],
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
],
[
"dove",
"dove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often endearing) Diminutive of gołąb; pigeon, dove"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"diminutive",
"endearing",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"often"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 18 9 5 10 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Columbids",
"orig": "pl:Columbids",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pigeon or dove hatchling"
],
"id": "en-gołąbek-pl-noun--LJcepHd",
"links": [
[
"hatchling",
"hatchling"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gołąb",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "gołąb + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gołąb + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m inan (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gołąb",
"2": "k",
"3": "a",
"4": "gołąbek"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 37 14 7 19 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Baby animals",
"orig": "pl:Baby animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 18 9 5 10 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Columbids",
"orig": "pl:Columbids",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 43 12 8 17 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mushrooms",
"orig": "pl:Mushrooms",
"parents": [
"Fungi",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 42 10 18 17 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any mushroom of the genus Russula"
],
"id": "en-gołąbek-pl-noun-5sWkCl3o",
"links": [
[
"mushroom",
"mushroom"
],
[
"Russula",
"Russula#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gołąb",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "gołąb + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gołąb + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m pers (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "gołąbki"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 10 29 37 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used as a term of endearment"
],
"id": "en-gołąbek-pl-noun-M3RrulzG",
"links": [
[
"endearing",
"endearing"
],
[
"term of endearment",
"term of endearment#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(endearing) used as a term of endearment"
],
"tags": [
"endearing",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"lovebird (person)"
],
"id": "en-gołąbek-pl-noun-iOqPoxuZ",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"lovebird",
"lovebird"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(humorous) lovebird (person)"
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کلم",
"t": "cabbage",
"tr": "kalam"
},
"expansion": "Persian کلم (kalam, “cabbage”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کلم پیچ",
"3": "",
"t": "cabbage roll",
"tr": "kalam pič"
},
"expansion": "کلم پیچ (kalam pič, “cabbage roll”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կաղամբ",
"t": "cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կաղամբ (kałamb, “cabbage”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n* Per Vasmer and Sławski: a semantic shift from the diminutive due to the similarity in shape.\n* Per Stachowski: finding the above explanation semantically dubious, he instead proposes an Oriental borrowing, pointing out that a similar dish, aside from Eastern Europe, is known in the Levant and Central Asia. He points to Persian کلم (kalam, “cabbage”) or کلم پیچ (kalam pič, “cabbage roll”) – possibly through a Turkic language or Old Armenian կաղամբ (kałamb, “cabbage”) as possible sources, but remains reserved. The word would have later been altered by folk etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m inan (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gołąb",
"2": "k",
"3": "a",
"4": "gołąbek"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 8 14 14 4 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 18 15 4 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 16 14 4 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 18 9 5 10 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Columbids",
"orig": "pl:Columbids",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 23 16 10 29 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "pl:Foods",
"parents": [
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 25 0 0 69 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Poland",
"orig": "pl:Poland",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gołąbki, cabbage roll (traditional Polish dish)"
],
"id": "en-gołąbek-pl-noun-sqqo0i4L",
"links": [
[
"cabbage roll",
"cabbage roll"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gołąbka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of gołąbka"
],
"id": "en-gołąbek-pl-noun-R-gp2xCy",
"links": [
[
"gołąbka",
"gołąbka#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk/3 syllables",
"pl:Baby animals",
"pl:Columbids",
"pl:Foods",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Mushrooms",
"pl:Poland"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gołąb",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "gołąb + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gołąb + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m animal (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish diminutive nouns",
"Polish endearing terms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "pigeon, dove",
"word": "gołąb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Diminutive of gołąb; pigeon, dove"
],
"links": [
[
"endearing",
"endearing"
],
[
"gołąb",
"gołąb#Polish"
],
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
],
[
"dove",
"dove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often endearing) Diminutive of gołąb; pigeon, dove"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"diminutive",
"endearing",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"often"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pigeon or dove hatchling"
],
"links": [
[
"hatchling",
"hatchling"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk/3 syllables",
"pl:Baby animals",
"pl:Columbids",
"pl:Foods",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Mushrooms",
"pl:Poland"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gołąb",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "gołąb + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gołąb + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m inan (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gołąb",
"2": "k",
"3": "a",
"4": "gołąbek"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"any mushroom of the genus Russula"
],
"links": [
[
"mushroom",
"mushroom"
],
[
"Russula",
"Russula#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk/3 syllables",
"pl:Baby animals",
"pl:Columbids",
"pl:Foods",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Mushrooms",
"pl:Poland"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gołąb",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "gołąb + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gołąb + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m pers (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "gołąbki"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish endearing terms"
],
"glosses": [
"used as a term of endearment"
],
"links": [
[
"endearing",
"endearing"
],
[
"term of endearment",
"term of endearment#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(endearing) used as a term of endearment"
],
"tags": [
"endearing",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish humorous terms"
],
"glosses": [
"lovebird (person)"
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"lovebird",
"lovebird"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(humorous) lovebird (person)"
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish terms with unknown etymologies",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk/3 syllables",
"pl:Baby animals",
"pl:Columbids",
"pl:Foods",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Mushrooms",
"pl:Poland"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کلم",
"t": "cabbage",
"tr": "kalam"
},
"expansion": "Persian کلم (kalam, “cabbage”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کلم پیچ",
"3": "",
"t": "cabbage roll",
"tr": "kalam pič"
},
"expansion": "کلم پیچ (kalam pič, “cabbage roll”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կաղամբ",
"t": "cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կաղամբ (kałamb, “cabbage”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n* Per Vasmer and Sławski: a semantic shift from the diminutive due to the similarity in shape.\n* Per Stachowski: finding the above explanation semantically dubious, he instead proposes an Oriental borrowing, pointing out that a similar dish, aside from Eastern Europe, is known in the Levant and Central Asia. He points to Persian کلم (kalam, “cabbage”) or کلم پیچ (kalam pič, “cabbage roll”) – possibly through a Turkic language or Old Armenian կաղամբ (kałamb, “cabbage”) as possible sources, but remains reserved. The word would have later been altered by folk etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gołąbeczek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gołąbki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "gołąbeczek"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek m inan (diminutive gołąbeczek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gołąb",
"2": "k",
"3": "a",
"4": "gołąbek"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gołąbki, cabbage roll (traditional Polish dish)"
],
"links": [
[
"cabbage roll",
"cabbage roll"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔmbɛk/3 syllables",
"pl:Baby animals",
"pl:Columbids",
"pl:Foods",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Mushrooms",
"pl:Poland"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "gołąbek f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧łą‧bek"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gołąbka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of gołąbka"
],
"links": [
[
"gołąbka",
"gołąbka#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔˈwɔm.bɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔmbɛk"
},
{
"homophone": "Gołąbek"
}
],
"word": "gołąbek"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.