See ducha in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":bf",
"3": "dusza",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰews-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowsyeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *dáusjāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dūšà\nPolish duszabf.\nPolish ducha\n[Appendix:Glossary#back-formation|Back-formation]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰews-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeh₂\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰowsyeh₂\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dáusjāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dūšà\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dusza\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"back-formation\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ducha\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"ducha\">\nBack-formation from dusza.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰews-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowsyeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *dáusjāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dūšà\nPolish duszabf.\nPolish ducha\nBack-formation from dusza.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "pl-noun"
}
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"hyphenation": [
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],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧cha"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "duch /dusza"
}
],
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{
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"name": "Zagórze Polish",
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{
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Afterlife",
"orig": "pl:Afterlife",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of duch /dusza"
],
"id": "en-ducha-pl-noun-NsowwBqx",
"links": [
[
"duch",
"duch#Polish"
],
[
"dusza",
"dusza#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Zagórze) alternative form of duch /dusza"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.xa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uxa"
}
],
"word": "ducha"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
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{
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"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun form",
"g": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "ducha m animal",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧cha"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧cha"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"word": "duch"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive/accusative singular of duch"
],
"id": "en-ducha-pl-noun-NXHy05aQ",
"links": [
[
"duch",
"duch#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animal-not-person",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.xa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uxa"
}
],
"word": "ducha"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish back-formations",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰews-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uxa",
"Rhymes:Polish/uxa/2 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish",
"es:Bathing",
"pl:Afterlife",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": ":bf",
"3": "dusza",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰews-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowsyeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *dáusjāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dūšà\nPolish duszabf.\nPolish ducha\n[Appendix:Glossary#back-formation|Back-formation]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰews-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeh₂\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰowsyeh₂\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dáusjāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dūšà\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dusza\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"back-formation\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ducha\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"ducha\">\nBack-formation from dusza.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰews-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowsyeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *dáusjāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dūšà\nPolish duszabf.\nPolish ducha\nBack-formation from dusza.",
"head_templates": [
{
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},
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"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧cha"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧cha"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "duch /dusza"
}
],
"categories": [
"Zagórze Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of duch /dusza"
],
"links": [
[
"duch",
"duch#Polish"
],
[
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"dusza#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Zagórze) alternative form of duch /dusza"
],
"tags": [
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"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.xa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uxa"
}
],
"word": "ducha"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
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"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uxa",
"Rhymes:Polish/uxa/2 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish",
"es:Bathing",
"pl:Afterlife",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
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"name": "ety"
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"head_templates": [
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"g": "m-anml"
},
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"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧cha"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧cha"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
"word": "duch"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive/accusative singular of duch"
],
"links": [
[
"duch",
"duch#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animal-not-person",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.xa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uxa"
}
],
"word": "ducha"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ducha meaning in Polish (4.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Zagórze",
"path": [
"ducha"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ducha",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Zagórze",
"path": [
"ducha"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ducha",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.