See circa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": ":ubor",
"3": "la:circā<id:around>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circāubor.\nPolish circa\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"around\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hawk\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)ker-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circā\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"circa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"circa\">\nUnadapted borrowing from Latin circā.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circāubor.\nPolish circa\nUnadapted borrowing from Latin circā.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "circa",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cir‧ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cir‧ca"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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21
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10,
15
]
],
"english": "There are circa 9 billion people in the world.",
"text": "Na świecie żyje circa 9 mld ludzi.",
"translation": "There are circa 9 billion people in the world.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"circa, nearly, almost (in close approximation)"
],
"id": "en-circa-pl-particle--qq7C3vo",
"links": [
[
"circa",
"circa#English"
],
[
"nearly",
"nearly"
],
[
"almost",
"almost"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) circa, nearly, almost (in close approximation)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blisko"
},
{
"word": "koło"
},
{
"word": "mniej więcej"
},
{
"word": "niespełna"
},
{
"word": "niemal"
},
{
"word": "około"
},
{
"word": "prawie"
},
{
"word": "w przybliżeniu"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sir.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-irka"
}
],
"word": "circa"
}
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"3": "la:circā<id:around>",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circāubor.\nPolish circa\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"around\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hawk\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)ker-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circā\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"circa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"circa\">\nUnadapted borrowing from Latin circā.",
"name": "ety"
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],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circāubor.\nPolish circa\nUnadapted borrowing from Latin circā.",
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"cir‧ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cir‧ca"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "particle",
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"Pages with etymology trees",
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"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish particles",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"Polish unadapted borrowings from Latin",
"Rhymes:Polish/irka",
"Rhymes:Polish/irka/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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16,
21
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[
10,
15
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"english": "There are circa 9 billion people in the world.",
"text": "Na świecie żyje circa 9 mld ludzi.",
"translation": "There are circa 9 billion people in the world.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"circa, nearly, almost (in close approximation)"
],
"links": [
[
"circa",
"circa#English"
],
[
"nearly",
"nearly"
],
[
"almost",
"almost"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) circa, nearly, almost (in close approximation)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blisko"
},
{
"word": "koło"
},
{
"word": "mniej więcej"
},
{
"word": "niespełna"
},
{
"word": "niemal"
},
{
"word": "około"
},
{
"word": "prawie"
},
{
"word": "w przybliżeniu"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sir.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-irka"
}
],
"word": "circa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for circa meaning in Polish (3.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.