See car in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "orv",
"3": "sla-pro",
"4": "gem",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ru",
"3": "царь"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cesarz",
"3": "cezar",
"4": "kajzer"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cesarz, cezar, and kajzer",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ). Doublet of cesarz, cezar, and kajzer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "car",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "car m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "carowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Heads of state",
"orig": "pl:Heads of state",
"parents": [
"Government",
"Positions of authority",
"Politics",
"Society",
"Leaders",
"Occupations",
"All topics",
"People",
"Work",
"Fundamental",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Monarchy",
"orig": "pl:Monarchy",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"High society",
"Government",
"Society",
"Politics",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "pl:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Russia",
"orig": "pl:Russia",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Countries in Asia",
"Countries in Europe",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Europe",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antycarski"
},
{
"word": "carski"
},
{
"word": "carat"
},
{
"word": "carewicz"
},
{
"word": "carówna"
},
{
"word": "caryca"
}
],
"glosses": [
"czar, tsar, tzar (title of the former emperors of Russia)"
],
"id": "en-car-pl-noun-a9XNYCfh",
"links": [
[
"czar",
"czar"
],
[
"tsar",
"tsar"
],
[
"tzar",
"tzar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) czar, tsar, tzar (title of the former emperors of Russia)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "batiuszka"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/",
"note": "Lasovia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ar"
}
],
"word": "car"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See czar.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "car m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "czar"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lasovia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Monarchy",
"orig": "pl:Monarchy",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"High society",
"Government",
"Society",
"Politics",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "pl:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of czar"
],
"id": "en-car-pl-noun-M8ANWarS",
"links": [
[
"czar",
"czar#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Lasovia) Alternative form of czar"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/",
"note": "Lasovia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ar"
}
],
"word": "car"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 25 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Russian",
"Polish terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Russian",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ar",
"Rhymes:Polish/ar/1 syllable",
"pl:Heads of state",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Monarchy",
"pl:Nobility",
"pl:Russia"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antycarski"
},
{
"word": "carski"
},
{
"word": "carat"
},
{
"word": "carewicz"
},
{
"word": "carówna"
},
{
"word": "caryca"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "orv",
"3": "sla-pro",
"4": "gem",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ru",
"3": "царь"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cesarz",
"3": "cezar",
"4": "kajzer"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cesarz, cezar, and kajzer",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ). Doublet of cesarz, cezar, and kajzer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "car",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "car m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "carowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"czar, tsar, tzar (title of the former emperors of Russia)"
],
"links": [
[
"czar",
"czar"
],
[
"tsar",
"tsar"
],
[
"tzar",
"tzar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) czar, tsar, tzar (title of the former emperors of Russia)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "batiuszka"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/",
"note": "Lasovia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ar"
}
],
"word": "car"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 25 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ar",
"Rhymes:Polish/ar/1 syllable",
"pl:Heads of state",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Monarchy",
"pl:Nobility",
"pl:Russia"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See czar.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "car m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "czar"
}
],
"categories": [
"Lasovia Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of czar"
],
"links": [
[
"czar",
"czar#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Lasovia) Alternative form of czar"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sar/",
"note": "Lasovia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ar"
}
],
"word": "car"
}
Download raw JSONL data for car meaning in Polish (4.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Lasovia",
"path": [
"car"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "car",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Lasovia",
"path": [
"car"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "car",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.