See Ruś in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Variant of Rusz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "Ruś m pers",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ruś"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "Rusiów",
"nomp": "Rusiowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish male surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 31 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname"
],
"id": "en-Ruś-pl-name-IRlLAcDj",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɕ"
}
],
"word": "Ruś"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Variant of Rusz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"indecl": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ruś f (indeclinable)",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ruś"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish female surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 31 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a female surname"
],
"id": "en-Ruś-pl-name-yitEyztR",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɕ"
}
],
"word": "Ruś"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Białoruś"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Rusin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Rusinka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Ruś Biała"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Ruś Czarna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Ruś Czerwona"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "musi to na Rusi, a w Polsce jak kto chce"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "non-oen",
"4": "non",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "orv",
"3": "Русь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "orv",
"3": "Русь"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ)",
"name": "der+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "rusiński",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusią",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj1": "ruski",
"adj2": "rusiński"
},
"expansion": "Ruś f (related adjective ruski or rusiński)",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ruś"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 41 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 47 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 44 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish exonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 31 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 57 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 44 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 65 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 69 25",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Former polities",
"orig": "pl:Former polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 41 24",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Places in Russia",
"orig": "pl:Places in Russia",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rus, Kievan Rus (medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev)"
],
"id": "en-Ruś-pl-name-wLtNxmZA",
"links": [
[
"Rus",
"Rus"
],
[
"Kievan Rus",
"Kievan Rus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rus, Kievan Rus (medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Ruś Kijowska"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 31 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 31 43",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Places in Belarus",
"orig": "pl:Places in Belarus",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 31 42",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Places in Ukraine",
"orig": "pl:Places in Ukraine",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rus, Ruthenia (region located mainly in modern Ukraine and Belarus)"
],
"id": "en-Ruś-pl-name-s8pdFoaF",
"links": [
[
"Rus",
"Rus"
],
[
"Ruthenia",
"Ruthenia"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɕ"
}
],
"word": "Ruś"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish exonyms",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish indeclinable nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish proper nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms derived from Old East Norse",
"Polish terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɕ/1 syllable",
"pl:Former polities",
"pl:Places in Belarus",
"pl:Places in Russia",
"pl:Places in Ukraine"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Variant of Rusz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusiowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "Ruś m pers",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ruś"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "Rusiów",
"nomp": "Rusiowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish male surnames",
"Polish surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɕ"
}
],
"word": "Ruś"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish exonyms",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish indeclinable nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish proper nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms derived from Old East Norse",
"Polish terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɕ/1 syllable",
"pl:Former polities",
"pl:Places in Belarus",
"pl:Places in Russia",
"pl:Places in Ukraine"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Variant of Rusz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"indecl": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ruś f (indeclinable)",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ruś"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish female surnames",
"Polish surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a female surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɕ"
}
],
"word": "Ruś"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish exonyms",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish proper nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms derived from Old East Norse",
"Polish terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɕ/1 syllable",
"pl:Former polities",
"pl:Places in Belarus",
"pl:Places in Russia",
"pl:Places in Ukraine"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Białoruś"
},
{
"word": "Rusin"
},
{
"word": "Rusinka"
},
{
"word": "Ruś Biała"
},
{
"word": "Ruś Czarna"
},
{
"word": "Ruś Czerwona"
},
{
"word": "musi to na Rusi, a w Polsce jak kto chce"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "non-oen",
"4": "non",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "orv",
"3": "Русь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "orv",
"3": "Русь"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ)",
"name": "der+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "rusiński",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusią",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj1": "ruski",
"adj2": "rusiński"
},
"expansion": "Ruś f (related adjective ruski or rusiński)",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Ruś"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Rus, Kievan Rus (medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rus",
"Rus"
],
[
"Kievan Rus",
"Kievan Rus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rus, Kievan Rus (medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Ruś Kijowska"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rus, Ruthenia (region located mainly in modern Ukraine and Belarus)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rus",
"Rus"
],
[
"Ruthenia",
"Ruthenia"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɕ"
}
],
"word": "Ruś"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Ruś meaning in Polish (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.